Organic Nitrogen Compounds Amines There are three organic nitrogen families that you need to know: amines, amides and nitriles Amine is the name given to compounds containing the functional group a...
Carboxylic Acids & Esters Carboxylic acids Carboxylic acids is the name given to compounds containing the functional group carboxyl, -COOH The general formula of a carboxylic acid is CnH2n+1COO...
Carbonyls Carbonyl is the collective name for compounds containing the functional group C=O The general formula of a carbonyl is CnH2nO The two sub-families of carbonyls are aldehyde and ketone (kn...
Alcohols & Ethers Alcohols Alcohols are a family of molecules that contain the hydroxyl functional group, -OH Their general formula is CnH2n+1OH The nomenclature of alcohols follows the patter...
Halogenoalkanes Halogenoalkanes or Haloalkanes have the general molecular formula, CnH2n+1X, where X represents a halogen Haloalkanes are named using the prefix chloro-, bromo- or iodo-, with the e...
Alkanes Hydrocarbons are compounds containing hydrogen and carbon only There are four families of hydrocarbons you should know: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and arenes Alkanes have the general molecul...
Nomenclature Systematic nomenclature can be used to name organic compounds and therefore make it easier to refer to them The alkanes provide the basis of the naming system and the stem of each name...
Representing Formulae Organic compounds can be represented in a number of ways: Empirical Formulae Molecular Formulae Structural Formulae Condensed Structural Formulae The empirical formula shows t...
Homologous Series Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds Carbon forms a vast number of compounds because it can form strong covalent bonds with itself This enables it to form long c...
