Reactions of Metal-Aqua Ions In this practical activity, test tube reactions of copper(II), iron(II), iron(III) and aluminium ions with three bases are investigated 10 drops of the metal-aqu...
Identifying Ions Testing for positive ions Simple test tube reactions can be done to identify the following positive ions: Group 2 ions (M2+) Ammonium ions (NH4+) If the sample to be ...
Autocatalysis Experiments Autocatalysis Experiment - Titration with sodium thiosulfate Autocatalysis occurs when one of the products catalyses the reaction Potassium manganate(VII) will reac...
Colorimetry & Complex Ions Colorimetry & Complex Ions Colorimetry can be used to measure the absorption of radiation using a colorimeter This uses a lamp as a source of white light, ...
Vanadium Oxidation States Vanadium Oxidation States Vanadium is a transition metal which has variable oxidation states Vanadate(V) ions can be reduced to oxidised vanadium species with the o...
Redox Titrations Redox Titrations Iron has variable oxidation states and this characteristic can be exploited in redox titrations of Fe2+ with MnO4- or Cr2O72- Both the manganate(VII) ion an...
Ligand Substitution Experiments Ligand Substitution Experiments The factors that affect the colour formed for different transition metal ion solutions are: type of ligand change in oxidation...
Testing Period 3 Oxides Forming Period 3 Oxides Period 3 elements from sodium to sulfur react with oxygen, forming an oxide with the period 3 element in its highest possible oxidation state ...
Making Buffers Buffers can be made by a direct or indirect method The direct method involves measuring out the exact quantities needed of a solution of a weak acid and its salt The indirect ...
