CIE A Level Biology复习笔记2.2.4 The Glycosidic Bond
Forming the Glycosidic Bond To make monosaccharides more suitable for transport, storage and to have less influence on a cell’s osmolarity, they are bonded together to form disaccharides and polysa...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记2.2.3 Reducing & Non-Reducing Sugars
Reducing & Non-Reducing Sugars Sugars can be classified as reducing or non-reducing; this classification is dependent on their ability to donate electrons Reducing sugars can donate electrons (...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记2.2.2 Covalent Bonds in Polymers
Covalent Bonds in Polymers A covalent bond is the sharing of two or more electrons between two atoms The electrons can be shared equally forming a nonpolar covalent bond or unequally (where an atom...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记2.2.1 Biological Molecules: Key Terms
Biological Molecules: Key Terms The key molecules that are required to build structures that enable organisms to function are: Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids Water The key biological m...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记2.1.3 Testing for Non-Reducing Sugars
Testing for Non-Reducing Sugars Sugars can be classified as reducing or non-reducing; this classification is dependent on their ability to donate electrons (a reducing sugar that is able to donate ...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记2.1.2 The Benedict's Test
The Benedict's Test for Reducing Sugars Method Add Benedict's reagent (which is blue as it contains copper (II) sulfate ions) to a sample solution in a test tube It is important that an excess of B...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记2.1.1 Biological Molecule Tests
Testing for Key Biological Molecules There are a number of tests that can be carried out quickly and easily in a lab to determine if a sample contains one of the key biological molecules (carbohydr...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记1.2.5 Viruses
Key Features of Viruses Viruses are non-cellular infectious particles that straddle the boundary between ‘living’ and ‘non-living’ They are relatively simple in structure; much smaller than prokary...
CIE A Level Biology复习笔记1.2.4 Prokaryotic v Eukaryotic Cells
Structural Features of Typical Prokaryotic Cells Animal and plant cells are types of eukaryotic cells, whereas bacteria are a type of prokaryote Prokaryotes have a cellular structure distinct from ...
