Comparing Bonds to Intermolecular Forces Intramolecular forces Intramolecular forces are forces within a molecule Ionic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between positive (cations) and negati...
van der Waals' Forces & Dipoles Covalent bonds are strong intramolecular forces Molecules also contain weaker intermolecular forces which are forces between molecules These intermolecular force...
Polarity & Dipole Moments Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to draw a pair of electrons towards itself in a covalent bond Electronegativity increases across a Period and decreases goi...
Hydrogen Bonding Hydrogen bonding Hydrogen bonding is the strongest form of intermolecular bonding Intermolecular bonds are bonds between molecules Hydrogen bonding is a type of permanent dipole – ...
Covalent Bonding: Bond Energy & Length Bond energy The bond energy is the energy required to break one mole of a particular covalent bond in the gaseous states Bond energy has units of kJ mol-1...
Covalent Bonding: Orbitals & Hybridisation Bond overlap in covalent bonds A single covalent bond is formed when two nonmetals combine Each atom that combines has an atomic orbital containing a ...
Dative Bonding: Definition & Examples In simple covalent bonds the two atoms involved shares electrons Some molecules have a lone pair of electrons that can be donated to form a bond with an el...
Covalent Bonding: Definition & Examples Covalent bonding occurs between two nonmetals A covalent bond involves the electrostatic attraction between nuclei of two atoms and the bonding electrons...
Metallic Bonding: Definition Metal atoms are tightly packed together in lattice structures When the metal atoms are in lattice structures, the electrons in their outer shells are free to move throu...
