Gases: Ideal Gas Law & Equation Kinetic theory of gases The kinetic theory of gases states that molecules in gases are constantly moving The theory makes the following assumptions: The gas mole...
Gases: Gas Pressure Gases in a container exert a pressure as the gas molecule are constantly colliding with the wall of the container Gas particles exert a pressure by constantly colliding with the...
Dot & Cross Diagrams Dot and cross diagrams are diagrams that show the arrangement of the outer-shell electrons in an ionic or covalent compound or element The electrons are shown as dots and c...
A-Level大考今日放榜，同学们可以抓紧时间查询自己的分数。出分后，AS阶段的考生若对此次A-Level成绩满意，即可着手准备2023年的留学事宜；A2阶段的考生若成绩满足院校申请要求，那么后续只需等待相应院校的确认...
此前由于疫情原因，各个国际大考相继出现考试形式的更改问题，其中个别地区的A-Level大考就因此转换为POE或TAG形式，许多同学不免担忧评估出分会导致高分通胀情况。 同学们的担忧是否会成为既定事实？相信随着今...
Comparing Bonds to Intermolecular Forces Intramolecular forces Intramolecular forces are forces within a molecule Ionic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between positive (cations) and negati...
van der Waals' Forces & Dipoles Covalent bonds are strong intramolecular forces Molecules also contain weaker intermolecular forces which are forces between molecules These intermolecular force...
Polarity & Dipole Moments Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to draw a pair of electrons towards itself in a covalent bond Electronegativity increases across a Period and decreases goi...
Hydrogen Bonding Hydrogen bonding Hydrogen bonding is the strongest form of intermolecular bonding Intermolecular bonds are bonds between molecules Hydrogen bonding is a type of permanent dipole – ...
