Enthalpy of Hydration: Ionic Charge & Radius The standard enthalpy change of hydration (ΔHhydꝋ) is affected by the amount that the ions are attracted to the water molecules The factors which af...
Energy Cycle Calculations The energy cycle involving the enthalpy change of solution (ΔHsolꝋ ), lattice energy (ΔHlattꝋ), and enthalpy change of hydration (ΔHhydꝋ) can be used to calculate the diff...
Energy Cycle Using Enthalpy Changes & Lattice Energy The standard enthalpy change of hydration (ΔHhydꝋ) can be calculated by constructing energy cycles and applying Hess’s law Energy cycle invo...
Enthalpy Change of Hydration & Solution Enthalpy change of solution The standard enthalpy change of solution (ΔHsolꝋ) is the enthalpy change when 1 mole of an ionic substance dissolves in suffi...
Lattice Energy: Ionic Charge & Radius The two key factors which affect lattice energy, ΔHlattꝋ, are the charge and radius of the ions that make up the crystalline lattice Ionic radius The latti...
Calculations Using Born-Haber Cycles Once a Born-Haber cycle has been constructed, it is possible to calculate the lattice energy (ΔHlattꝋ) by applying Hess’s law and rearranging: ΔHfꝋ = ΔHatꝋ + ΔH...
Constructing Born-Haber Cycles To calculate the lattice energy (ΔHlattꝋ) of an ionic compound, a Born-Haber cycle is used, which is a special type of energy cycle To find the ΔHlattꝋ of an ionic co...
Electron Affinity Electron affinity The first electron affinity (EA1) is the enthalpy change when 1 mole of electrons is added to 1 mole of gaseous atoms, to form 1 mole of gaseous ions each with a...
Lattice Energy & Enthalpy Change of Atomisation Enthalpy change (ΔH) refers to the amount of heat energy transferred during a chemical reaction, at a constant pressure Enthalpy change of atomis...
