Homogeneous Catalysts Homogeneous catalyst is in the same physical state (phase) as the reactants This means they are either all gases, or more often, all in aqueous solution Homogenous cata...
Heterogeneous Catalysts A heterogeneous catalyst is in a different physical state (phase) from the reactants Heterogeneous catalysts are usually solids whereas the reactants are gaseous or i...
Properties of Catalysts Transition metals are often used as catalysts in the elemental form or as compounds The ability of transition metals to form more than one stable oxidation state mean...
Haemoglobin Haemoglobin is one of nature's complexes using a transition metal ion The haem molecule is a complex with iron(II) at its centre The haemoglobin complex contains a multidentate l...
Cis-platin Sometimes, complexes with four coordinate bonds may adopt a square planar geometry instead of a tetrahedral one Cyanide ions (CN-) are the most common ligands to adopt this geomet...
Tetrahedral Complexes When there are four coordinate bonds the complexes often have a tetrahedral shape Complexes with four chloride ions most commonly adopt this geometry Chloride ligands a...
Octahedral Complexes Octahedral complexes are formed when a central metal atom or ion forms six coordinate bonds This could be six coordinate bonds with six small, monodentate ligands Exampl...
Monodentate ligands Monodentate ligands can form only one dative bond to the central metal ion This is because they have a single lone pair of electrons to form a dative bond with the metal ...
Coloured Ions Perception of colour Most transition metal compounds appear coloured. This is because they absorb energy corresponding to certain parts of the visible electromagnetic spectrum ...
