Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记7.5.3 Amine Basicity
Amine Basicity The nitrogen atom in ammonia and amine molecules can accept a proton (H+ ion) They can therefore act as Bronsted-Lowry bases in aqueous solutions by donating its lone pair of ...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记7.5.2 Primary Aliphatic Amines
Reactions of Primary Aliphatic Amines Reactions with water The first few members of the homologous series of primary aliphatic amines are miscible with water However as the hydrocarbon part ...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记7.5.1 Amines, Amides, Amino Acids & Proteins
Amines, Amides & Amino Acids Amines can be thought of as derivates of ammonia, in which one or more of the hydrogens is replaced by an alkyl or aryl group The number of substituted hydro...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记7.4.4 Phenol
Bromination of Phenol Reactions of the aromatic ring in phenols Phenols react more readily with electrophiles compared to benzene This is because one of the lone pairs of electrons on the ox...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记7.4.3 Electrophilic Substitution
Electrophilic Substitution Reactions of Benzene The main reactions which benzene will undergo include the replacement of one of the 6 hydrogen atoms from the benzene ring This is different t...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记7.4.2 Reactions of Benzene
Reactions of Benzene Reaction with oxygen Hydrocarbons will burn in air or oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water providing sufficient oxygen is available Benzene reacts will also follow...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记7.4.1 Benzene Structure
Models of Benzene Structure of Benzene The structure of benzene was determined many years ago, by a chemist called Kekule The structure consists of 6 carbon atoms in a hexagonal ring, with a...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记7.3.4 Acyl Chlorides & Esters
Hydrolysis of Esters Hydrolysis of Esters - Acid The reverse of the esterification reaction is called hydrolysis Ester hydrolysis is a useful reaction for creating biodegradable plastics Est...
Edexcel A Level Chemistry:复习笔记7.3.3 Reactions of Carboxylic Acids
Reactions of Carboxylic Acids In aqueous solution they are only slightly ionised, to give low concentrations of hydronium ions and alkanoate ions (often called carboxylate ions) This partial...
