Chloroplast Structures & their Functions Chloroplasts are the organelles in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs Each chloroplast is surrounded by a double-membrane envelope Each of the enve...
Biodiversity Biodiversity can be thought of as a study of all the variation that exists within and between all forms of life Biodiversity looks at the range and variety of genes, species and habita...
Courtship Organisms belong to the same species if they interbreed in their natural habitat to produce fertile offspring The process of successful interbreeding or mating is preceded by some form of...
Genetic Diversity Organisms of the same species have very similar genomes, but two individuals (even twins) will have differences between their DNA base sequences Considering the size of genomes, t...
Genetic Mutations A gene mutation is a change in the sequence of base pairs in a DNA molecule that may result in an altered polypeptide Mutations occur continuously As the DNA base sequence determi...
The Genome A gene is a length of DNA that codes for a polypeptide/protein A genome is the complete set of genes present in a cell The full genome is present within every cell of an organism, but no...
DNA in Prokaryotes The DNA in prokaryotic cells is significantly different from the DNA found in eukaryotic cells “Prokaryote” means “before the nucleus” The DNA is double-stranded Prokaryotes poss...
Water & Mineral Ion Transport: Pathways & Mechanisms Within a plant mineral ions and organic compounds (eg. sucrose) are transported by being dissolved in water. The dissolved mineral ions ...
Blood Circulation in Mammals The need for a circulatory system The cells of all living organisms need a constant supply of reactants for metabolism, e.g. oxygen and glucose Single celled organisms ...
