Students should be able to: Appreciate the Models & Functions of Enzyme Action Models of enzyme action Scientists often use models to explain their observations from experiments As techn...
Edexcel IGCSE Maths 复习笔记 2.3.2 Expanding Two Brackets - Harder Hidden FOIL (aka spot the hidden brackets) Always write (a + b)2 as (a + b)(a + b) Beware of minus signs Remember the basic rules:...
Enzyme Inhibitors An enzyme's activity can be reduced or stopped, temporarily, by a reversible inhibitor There are two types of reversible inhibitors: Competitive inhibitors have a similar s...
Rate: Substrate Concentration The greater the substrate concentration, the higher the rate of reaction: As the number of substrate molecules increases, the likelihood of enzyme-substrate com...
Rate: Enzyme Concentration Enzyme concentration affects the rate of reaction The higher the enzyme concentration in a reaction mixture, the greater the number of active sites available and the grea...
Maths Skill: Calculating pH If the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration of a solution is known, the pH can be calculated using the equation: pH = -log₁₀ [H⁺] You can find the ‘log’ function on yo...
Edexcel IGCSE Maths 复习笔记 2.3.1 Expanding Two Brackets - Basics What is expanding two brackets? When we expand brackets in algebra we ‘get rid of’ the brackets by multiplying out When we expand ...
Rate: pH All enzymes have an optimum pH or a pH at which they operate best Enzymes are denatured at extremes of pH Hydrogen and ionic bonds hold the tertiary structure of the protein (ie. th...
Rate: Temperature Enzymes have a specific optimum temperature – the temperature at which they catalyse a reaction at the maximum rate Lower temperatures either prevent reactions from proceed...
