AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.1.4 Shells and Orbitals
Electron Shells Shells The arrangement of electrons in an atom is called the electron configuration Electrons are arranged around the nucleus in principal energy levels or principal quantum ...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.1.3 Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry
Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry Mass Spectrometry is a powerful analytical technique It is the most useful instrument for accurate determination of the relative atomic mass of an element, b...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.1.2 Mass Number & Isotopes
Subatomic Structure of Atoms & Ions The mass of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus, because the nucleus contains the heaviest subatomic particles (the neutrons and protons) The mass ...
Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 2.10.1 Homeostasis
Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 2.10.1 Homeostasis Response to Change: Homeostasis Homeostasis is the control or regulation of the internal conditions of a cell or organism Some examples of t...
Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 2.9.5 Regulating Water Content in the Blood
Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 2.9.5 Regulating Water Content in the Blood Regulating Water Content in the Blood Osmoregulation is the process of maintaining water and salt concentrations (o...
Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 2.9.4 Kidney Structure & Function
Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 2.9.4 Kidney Structure & Function The Kidney The kidneys are located in the back of the abdomen and have two important functions in the body: They regulate...
Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 2.9.3 The Urinary System
Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 2.9.3 The Urinary System The Urinary System: Structure Two key functions of the urinary system are: To filter waste products from the blood and expel it from t...
Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 2.9.2 Excretion in Humans
Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 2.9.2 Excretion in Humans The Organs of Excretion Humans have organs that are specialised for the removal of certain excretory products Excretory organs of the...
Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 2.9.1 Excretion
Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 2.9.1 Excretion The Need for Excretion in Humans Many of the necessary metabolic reactions that take place within the cells of organisms produce waste products...
