AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.1.8 Reaction Feasibility
Reaction Feasibility The Gibbs equation can be used to calculate whether a reaction is feasible or not ΔGꝋ = ΔHreactionꝋ - TΔSsystemꝋ When ΔGꝋ is negative, the reaction is feasible and likel...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.1.7 Gibbs Free Energy
Gibbs Free Energy Gibbs free energy As we have seen in the previous sections, the feasibility of a reaction is determined by two factors, the enthalpy change and the entropy change The two f...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.1.6 Entropy
Entropy You may have wondered why it is that endothermic reactions occur at all, after all, what can be the driving force behind endothermic reactions if the products end up in a less stable...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.1.5 Enthalpy of Solution & Hydration
Solution & Hydration Enthalpy of solution The standard enthalpy change of solution (ΔHsolꝋ) is the enthalpy change when 1 mole of an ionic substance dissolves in sufficient water to form...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.1.4 Comparing Lattice Enthalpies
Comparing Lattice Enthalpies How accurate are lattice enthalpies? It is possible to calculate a theoretical value for the lattice enthalpy of an ionic solid. To do this you need to know the ...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.1.3 Born-Haber Calculations
Calculations Using Born-Haber Cycles Once a Born-Haber cycle has been constructed, it is possible to calculate the lattice energy (ΔHlattꝋ) by applying Hess’s law and rearranging: ΔHfꝋ = ΔHa...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.1.2 Born-Haber Cycles
Constructing Born-Haber Cycles A Born-Haber cycle is a specific application of Hess's Law for ionic compounds and enable us to calculate lattice enthalpy which cannot be found by experiment ...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记4.2.4 Testing for Organic Functional Groups
Testing for Organic Functional Groups REQUIRED PRACTICAL 6 For this practical, you need to be able to give the tests and positive results for the following functional groups: Alkenes Alcohol...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记4.2.3 Distillation of a Product from a Reaction
Distillation of an Organic Product REQUIRED PRACTICAL 5 Distillation of an organic product: Distillation is a common practical completed in organic chemistry For this course, the most common...
