Concentration-Time Graphs Order of reaction from concentration-time graphs In a zero-order the concentration of the reactant is inversely proportional to time This means that the concentrati...
Finding Activation Energy Finding the Activation Energy Very often, the Arrhenius Equation is used to calculate the activation energy of a reaction Either a question will give sufficient inf...
The Arrhenius Equation The rate equation shows how each of the reactants in a reaction effects the rate of the reaction and it includes the rate constant, k However, k only remains constant ...
Rate Equation Calculations The rate constant (k) of a reaction can be calculated using the initial rates and the rate equation Calculating the rate constant from the initial rate The reactio...
Deducing Orders Order of reaction For the general reaction A + B → C + D The order of reaction shows how the concentration of a reactant affects the rate of reaction Rate = k [A]m [B]n When ...
Reaction Feasibility The Gibbs equation can be used to calculate whether a reaction is feasible or not ΔGꝋ = ΔHreactionꝋ - TΔSsystemꝋ When ΔGꝋ is negative, the reaction is feasible and likel...
Gibbs Free Energy Gibbs free energy As we have seen in the previous sections, the feasibility of a reaction is determined by two factors, the enthalpy change and the entropy change The two f...
Entropy You may have wondered why it is that endothermic reactions occur at all, after all, what can be the driving force behind endothermic reactions if the products end up in a less stable...
Solution & Hydration Enthalpy of solution The standard enthalpy change of solution (ΔHsolꝋ) is the enthalpy change when 1 mole of an ionic substance dissolves in sufficient water to form...
