AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记7.1.3 Racemic Mixtures
Racemic Mixtures Net Optical activity Let’s suppose that in a solution, there is 20% of the enantiomer which rotates the plane polarised light clockwise and 80% of the enantiomer which rotat...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记7.1.2 Identifying Chiral Centres
Identifying Chiral Centres Identifying chiral centres in a molecule takes a bit of practice whether it is from a formula, a 2D drawing or a 3D drawing To be successful you need to differenti...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记6.3.2 Reactions with Bases
Reactions with Bases The differences in the the chemistry of +2 and +3 aqua ions can be seen in their reactions with bases The reactions of iron(II), iron(III), copper(II) and aluminium with...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记6.2.7 Catalysis
Catalysis Catalysts play an important part in industry allowing reactions to be carried out more quickly and at lower temperatures There are two types of catalysts, heterogeneous and homogen...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记6.2.6 Redox Titrations
Redox Titrations Redox titration involves an oxidising agent being titrated against a reducing agent Electrons are transferred from one species to another In acid-base titrations indicators ...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记6.2.5 Variable Oxidation States
Variable Oxidation States The table below shows the most common oxidation states of a few transition metals Oxidation states of transition elements table When transition elements form...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记 6.2.4 Formation of Coloured Ions
Colour in Transition Metal Ions Most transition element complexes are coloured The transition metal ions can be identified by their colour The large variety of coloured compounds is a defini...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记 6.2.3 Shapes of Complex Ions
Shapes of Complex Ions Depending on the size of the ligands and the number of dative bonds to the central metal ion, transition element complexes have different geometries Dative bonds can a...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记 6.2.2 Ligand Exchange
Ligand Exchange Ligand exchange (or ligand substitution) is when one ligand in a complex is replaced by another Ligand exchange forms a new complex that is more stable than the original one ...
