Required Practical: Investigating Gas Laws Investigating Boyle's Law The overall aim of this experiment is to investigate the effect of Boyle's Law This is the effect of pressure on volume a...
What is an arc? An arc is a part of the circumference of a circle It is easiest to think of it as the crust of a single slice of pizza The length of an arc depends of the size of the angle at the c...
Avogadro, Molar Gas & Boltzmann Constant Avogadro's Constant The atomic mass unit (u) is approximately the mass of a proton or neutron = 1.66 × 10-27 kg This means that an atom or molecu...
Work Done by a Gas When a gas expands, it does work on its surroundings by exerting pressure on the walls of the container it's in This is important, for example, in a steam engine where exp...
Ideal Gas Equation An ideal gas is a specific type of gas which: Has molecules with negligible volume Collisions which are elastic Cannot be liquified Has no interactions between the molecul...
Ideal Gas Laws The ideal gas laws are the experimental relationships between pressure (P), volume (V) and temperature (T) of an ideal gas The mass and the number of molecules of the gas is a...
What effects do reciprocal transformations have on the graphs? The x-coordinates stay the same The y-coordinates change Their values become their reciprocals If y = 0 then a vertical asymptote goes...
How do I find the modulus of a function? How do I solve modulus equations graphically? To solve |f(x)| = g(x) graphically Draw y = |f(x)| and y = g(x) into your GDC Find the x-coordinates of the po...
Edexcel IGCSE Biology 复习笔记 5.4.2 Cloning Mammals Cloning Mammals Embryo cloning It is possible to clone animals using embryo transplants For example, if a farmer wants the best cattle, they mus...
