Radioactive Dating The isotope carbon-14 is commonly used in radioactive dating It forms as a result of cosmic rays knocking out neutrons from nuclei, which then collide with nitrogen nuclei...
Half-Life Half-life is defined as: The time taken for the initial number of nuclei to halve for a particular isotope This means when a time equal to the half-life has passed, the activity of...
Exponential Decay In radioactive decay, the number of undecayed nuclei falls very rapidly, without ever reaching zero Such a model is known as exponential decay The graph of number of...
Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry 复习笔记 1.9.1 Explaining Conductivity Conductivity of Covalent Compounds Electric current is the flow of charged particles This usually refers to electrons, but it c...
Radioactive Decay Radioactive decay is defined as: The spontaneous disintegration of a nucleus to form a more stable nucleus, resulting in the emission of an alpha, beta or gamma particle Ra...
Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry 复习笔记 1.8.1 Metallic Bonding Metallic Bonding Metal atoms are held together strongly by metallic bonding Within the metal lattice, the atoms lose their valence ele...
Required Practical: Inverse Square-Law for Gamma Radiation Aim of the Experiment The aim of this experiment is to verify the inverse square law for gamma radiation of a known gamma-emitting ...
Safe Handling of Radioactive Sources It is very well known that radioactive sources are dangerous if handled improperly When choosing a source to work with, the following characteristics are...
Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry 复习笔记 1.7.4 Giant Covalent Structures Giant Covalent Structures Covalent bonding can be responsible for substances that have many different structures and therefor...
