CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.7.3 Equilibrium Constant
Equilibrium Constant: Concentrations Equilibrium expression & constant The equilibrium expression is an expression that links the equilibrium constant, Kc, to the concentrations of reactants an...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.7.2 Le Chaterlier's Principle
Le Chatelier's Principle Position of the equilibrium The position of the equilibrium refers to the relative amounts of products and reactants in an equilibrium mixture. When the position of equilib...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.7.1 Chemical Equilibria
Reversible Reactions & Dynamic Equilibrium Reversible reaction Some reactions go to completion where the reactants are used up to form the products and the reaction stops when all of the reacta...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.6.3 Oxidising & Reducing Agents
Oxidising & Reducing Agents Oxidising agent An oxidising agent is a substance that oxidises another atom or ion by causing it to lose electrons An oxidising agent itself gets reduced – gains el...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.6.2 Redox Reactions
Balancing Redox Reactions Oxidation numbers can be used to balance chemical equations Roman numerals between brackets are used to show the ox. no. of an atom that can have multiple oxidation states...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.6.1 Oxidation Number Rules
Oxidation Numbers The oxidation numbers (also known as oxidation state) is a number given to each atom or ion in a compound to keep track of how many electrons they have In a single ion or molecula...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.5.5 Hess’s Law
Hess Cycles Hess’s Law states that:"The total enthalpy change in a chemical reaction is independent of the route by which the chemical reaction takes place as long as the initial and final conditio...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.5.4 Enthalpy & Bond Energies
Enthalpy & Bond Energies During a reaction, enthalpy changes take place because bonds are being broken and formed Energy (in the form of heat) is needed to overcome attractive forces between at...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记1.5.3 Standard Enthalpy Change
Enthalpy Changes at Standard Conditions To fairly compare the changes in enthalpy between reactions, all reactions should be carried out under standard conditions These standard conditions are: A p...
