CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.1.12 Chirality
Chirality & Enantiomers Chiral centres in non-cyclic molecules A chiral centre in a molecule is a carbon atom that has four different atoms or group of atoms attached This gives rise to two opt...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.1.11 Stereoisomerism
Stereoisomerism: Geometrical & Optical Stereoisomers are compounds that have the same atoms connected to each other, however the atoms are differently arranged in space There are two types of s...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.1.10 Structural Isomerism
Structural Isomerism: Chain, Position & Functional Group Structural isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formulae Eg. propene and cyclopropane Bot...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.1.9 Planarity of Organic Molecules
Planar Molecules Planar molecules have all their atoms in the same plane Eg. linear, bent, trigonal planar and square planar Molecules which have all their atoms in the same plane The presence of a...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.1.8 Hybridisation in Organic Molecules
Hybridised Atoms: Shapes & Bond Angles in Molecules Each carbon atom has four electrons in its outer shell (electronic configuration: 1s22s22p2) Carbon atoms share these four electrons in four ...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.1.7 Shapes of Organic Molecules; Sigma & Pi Bonds
Straight, Branched & Cyclic Molecules Straight, branched and cyclic organic molecules are also called aliphatic compounds as long as they do not contain a benzene ring Straight-chain Straight-c...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.1.6 Terminology Used in Reaction Mechanisms
Terminology Used in Reaction Mechanisms In organic reaction mechanisms, curly arrows represent the movement of electron pairs The arrow beings at a bond or a lone pair of electrons and points to th...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.1.5 Characteristic Organic Reactions
Definitions & Terminology in Organic Chemistry Homologous series A homologous series is a group of organic compounds that have the same functional group, the same general formula and the same c...
CIE A Level Chemistry复习笔记3.1.4 Molecular & Empirical Formulae
Molecular & Empirical Formulae of Organic Compounds The molecular formula shows the number and type of each atom in a molecule Eg. the molecular formula of ethanoic acid is C2H4O2 The empirical...
