AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记7.10.1 Principles of NMR
Principles of NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is used for analysing organic compounds NMR analysis can provide information about the positions of 13C and 1H atoms in a mole...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记7.11.1 Chromatography
Principles of Chromatography Principles of Chromatography Chromatography is a technique that enables the separation of mixtures and includes: thin-layer chromatography (TLC) column chromatog...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记6.3.1 Metal-Aqua Ions
Metal Aqua-Ions Transition metal salts that are readily soluble in water are forming metal-aqua complex ions when they dissolve in water When we show copper sulfate dissolving in water it is...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记6.2.1 General Properties of Transition Metals
General Properties of Transition Metals Transition metals are elements with an incomplete d-subshell that can form at least one stable ion with an incomplete d-subshell This definition disti...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记6.1.1 Na & Mg with water
Na & Mg with water Sodium & Magnesium Both sodium, Na, and magnesium, Mg, are metals and are found in Group 1 and Group 2 of the periodic table respectively Both have high melting po...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.6.1 Acid Dissociation Constant
Acid Dissociation Constant Weak acids A weak acid is an acid that partially (or incompletely) dissociates in aqueous solutions Eg. most organic acids (ethanoic acid), HCN (hydrocyanic acid),...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.5.1 Brønsted–Lowry Acid & Bases
Brønsted–Lowry Acid & Bases A Brønsted acid is a species that can donate a proton For example, hydrogen chloride (HCl) is a Brønsted acid as it can lose a proton to form a hydrogen (H+) ...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.4.1 Representing Cells
Representing Cells Electrochemical cells generate electricity from spontaneous redox reactions For example: Zn (s) + CuSO4 (aq)→ Cu (s) + ZnSO4 (aq) Instead of electrons being transferred ...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.3.1 Kp Expressions
Kp Expressions We have seen previously that equilibrium reactions can be quantified by reference to an equilibrium expression and equilibrium constant The equilibrium expression links the eq...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.2.1 Rate Equations
Rate Equations The rate of reaction refers to the change in the amount or concentration of a reactant OR product per unit time It can be found by: Measuring the decrease in the concentration...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记5.1.1 Thermodynamic Terms
Defining Thermodynamic Terms Thermodynamics literally means heat and movement and is the branch of physical chemistry that deals with heat, energy, temperature and the physical properties of...
AQA A Level Chemistry复习笔记4.2.1 Reactions of Group 2 Elements
Reactions of Group 2 Elements Although there is no required practical specifically based around the reactions of Group 2 elements, these reactions are important and students tend to not do v...
