Appreciating How the Function of DNA Was Determined DNA was actually first observed in the 1800s by a Swiss scientist called Friedrich Miescher Miescher is credited with being the first pers...
Ribosomes Ribosomes are small organelles that are either free in the cytoplasm (of all cells) or are attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (only in eukaryotic cells) Ribosomes are the ...
The Structure of RNA Like DNA, the nucleic acid RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a polynucleotide – it is made up of many nucleotides linked together in a chain Like DNA, RNA nucleotides contain th...
Edexcel IGCSE Maths 复习笔记 2.3.3 Expanding Three Brackets Expanding three brackets We’re still following the basic principle of expanding here – get rid of the brackets by multiplying out We just...
The Structure of DNA The nucleic acid DNA is a polynucleotide – it is made up of many nucleotides bonded together in a long chain A DNA nucleotide DNA molecules are made up of two pol...
Nucleotide Structure & the Phosphodiester Bond Both DNA and RNA are polymers that are made up of many repeating units called nucleotides Each nucleotide is formed from: A pentose sugar (...
大家都知道今年AP成绩的正式放榜时间是7月5日，但是这两天AP考试中心的副总裁特雷弗·帕克（Trevor Packer），突然连夜在社交平台上陆续发布了2022年的AP成绩的5分率数据！ 这份数据包括了五门科目的成绩，分别为...
Practical Skill: Control of Variables & Uncertainty Enzyme rate experiments are experiments that are carried out to determine the effect of changing a particular factor on the rate of a ...
Students should be able to: Appreciate the Models & Functions of Enzyme Action Models of enzyme action Scientists often use models to explain their observations from experiments As techn...
Edexcel IGCSE Maths 复习笔记 2.3.2 Expanding Two Brackets - Harder Hidden FOIL (aka spot the hidden brackets) Always write (a + b)2 as (a + b)(a + b) Beware of minus signs Remember the basic rules:...
Enzyme Inhibitors An enzyme's activity can be reduced or stopped, temporarily, by a reversible inhibitor There are two types of reversible inhibitors: Competitive inhibitors have a similar s...
Rate: Substrate Concentration The greater the substrate concentration, the higher the rate of reaction: As the number of substrate molecules increases, the likelihood of enzyme-substrate com...
