做为一个教育的从业者,我们最近的看到了一篇流传很广并且引起人们广大关注的一篇文章。这篇文章是由华人著名经济学家、耶鲁大学终身教授陈志武所写的。
陈志武生于1962年7月。华人著名经济学家、耶鲁大学终身教授。曾获得过墨顿·米勒奖学金。他的专业领域为股票、债券、期货和期权市场以及宏观经济。 他在里面甚至提出了这样一个说法:
“因为我跟国内的一些大学一直有不少交流,所以基本能看到国内同行和教育界学者、业者每天的运作目标。这些经历和观察让我确实感触比较多,特别是这些年看到这么多从国内培养出来的杰出高材生,他们在专业上这么突出,但思维方式那么僵化、偏执,社会交往能力又那么差,除了自己狭窄的专业就不知道怎么跟人打交道、怎么表达自己,让我非常痛心。”
陈志武认为这些问题的根源都在于教育上,我们也从他的文章中提炼出了他核心的观点。并且还邀请了我们PA天才学院的创始人Neil老师一起来讨论这个问题。
陈志武观点1、产业结构难转型,教育有责任国内多数高材生专业突出,但是思维方式僵化、偏执,社交能力差,跟其他文化、教育背景的人一在一起,处于劣势。这些问题的根子都出在教育上,包括正式的学校教育、家教和社会文化教育。
2、美国教育重通才,中国教育重技术
美国的服务业占GDP的85%以上,所以美国的教育体系侧重点就不同,是侧重通识教育,培养通才。
中国的教育则侧重硬技术,由此产生的人才结构使中国即使想要从制造业往服务业转移,也难。
3、美式教育:课程安排宽泛,不排名次
美国幼儿园、小学从来不会给学生排名,老师根据每个小孩的特长,哪方面很突出,就给他那个奖状,更多的是鼓励每个学生;
中国是完全相反,每个礼拜、每个学期做排名,经常考试,会对学生有一定的负面影响,打击自信心。
4、美式教育:思辨能力的训练
美国重视思辨能力的训练,具体表现在两方面。
其一是课堂表述和辩论,自托儿所开始,老师就给小孩很多表述的机会,让他们针对某个问题各抒己见,或者跟别人辩论。
另一方面,就是科学方法的训练,多数校区要求所有学生在小学四、五年级时都能掌握科学方法的实质,这不仅为学生今后的学习、研究打好基础,而且为他们今后作为公民、作为选民做好思辨方法论准备。
5、有思辨能力,方有经济转型
中国经济转型需要教育的转型,需要培养兴趣丰富、人格完整、头脑健全的通识公民、思辨型公民。如果不能做到这一点,中国恐怕只能继续是给世界提供低级劳动力的工厂。
陈志武老师主要是从美国的通才教育,给学生带来思辨能力的角度,论证了中式教育和美式教育的不同。
而PA天才学院的创始人Neil老师,是强调了PA一直以来最重视人文教育,并且由人文教育对学生的素质产生的巨大影响方面,进行了很深刻的讨论
Neil Larocque顶级人文教育专家,PA天才教育创始人,哈佛大学文学/创意写作硕士,美国独立教育顾问协会(IECA)成员。剑桥大学CELTA证书,哥伦比亚大学TEFL证书,加拿大教育学院TOEFL/IELTS专家证书。出版作家,发行音乐人。在亚洲教学经历超过15年,走访美国顶级高中大学200余所,对于中国学生衔接海外顶级教育、在海外“成功留学”有自己独到的解决方案。
With the influx of Chinese students attending American preparatory schools and universities, I wanted to share the importance of liberal arts education that remains detrimental to bolstering a student’s success in the American academic system.
随着中国学生大量涌入美国高中和大学,Neil老师想和大家分享关于人文教育的重要性。
对于中国学生来说,人文学科是一个软肋,而人文学科的能力直接的决定了中国学生在美国学术体系中的成败。
More specifically, I wanted to highlight how select Prodigy Academy students have prospered after studying liberal arts with us. Our students represent our prime focus; their progress in the American school system proves to be a genuine testament to both their hard work and the curriculum we develop to match the rigorous demands of academia in America.
Neil老师通过两个PA天才学院学生的成长故事来讲述我们人文学科教育的优势。PA的学生在美国学校体系中成绩优异,实实在在地证明了PA天才学院的人文教育极高得符合美国顶级学府对学生的要求。
ALL students are required to take general electives in their first year of university which include humanities courses. At middle school and high school, liberal arts are a mandatory part of the curriculum.
美国本科教育,大一大二是“人文教育”也称为“通识教育”,所有学生都必须参加人文课程。在美国中学和高中,人文教育也是必修课程,中国孩子在历史和文学上的差距最大。
This means Chinese students have no choice but to study English literature, history, and writing but also, develop critical thinking skills. Armed with this knowledge, students will be able to contribute to class discussions, prepare presentations and write essays across a wide range of subjects.
这就意味着中国学生除了硬着头皮学习英语文学,历史和写作外别无选择。只有掌握了这些知识,学生才能够在课堂上尽情讨论交流,并在不同主题的演讲和论文中切换自如。
At Prodigy Academy, we match our curriculum to the same requirements expected in America so that our students not only survive, but they dominate classes once they settle into the rhythm of American school life.
PA天才学院的课程与美国顶级教育体系的要求完美匹配,使得PA学生在美国顶级高中和大学中迅速融入,并且脱颖而出。
With that in mind, I would like to share two success stories that illustrate the value of liberal arts education for Chinese students.
Neil老师分享两个学生的故事,让大家感受一下中国学生接受人文教育的意义和价值。
1. At the middle school level, we start by teaching literature and American and world history. Linked directly to these subjects are analytical thinking skills, presentation skills and essay writing. One of our students MJ, felt overwhelmed by his introduction to American history and struggled slightly with literature. During our classes, MJ would often vocalize his frustration by questioning the value of learning in such a detailed and demanding way.
1. 在中学阶段,PA天才学院的课程包括世界文学和美国/世界历史,培养学生的阅读能力、分析思辨能力,演讲表达和论文写作。PA学生MJ起初对美国历史感到不知所措,对文学也是一知半解。在课堂上,MJ经常向老师质疑学习文学和历史的意义,间接的反映出了他的挫败感。
When our mentors teach classes, we act as the benchmark for the American school system. In this way, we don't accept a mediocre effort nor do we tolerate any excuses that the content is too difficult. While I sympathized with MJ’s frustration, I decided to push harder rather than ease up.
PA导师以美国顶级教育的标准来培养学生,所以我们对学生要求很高,同时激发他们的自主学习热情和动力、培养学生们的好习惯和坚韧不拔的品质。Neil老师非常理解MJ的沮丧,但PA采取的措施是加大学习力度而不是放松对他的要求。
This year MJ attends a top boarding school in the United States where he has achieved straight A’s, plays on the basketball and soccer teams and is the only Chinese member of the debate club. After his first month of school he told me, “now I understand why you pushed me so hard to study the liberal arts portion of the curriculum. I am the only Chinese student in my grade with a thorough understanding of the literature and history curriculum and that’s given me a lot of confidence to be more involved in extracurricular activities too.”
去年,MJ成功录取了多个美国顶级高中,并且在入读的顶级美高的9年级课程中取得了全A的好成绩。他参加校篮球队和足球队,还是辩论俱乐部里唯一的中国成员。他入学一个月后告诉Neil老师:“老师,现在我明白为什么当初PA在人文科目上对我的要求如此之高了,现在在我们年级里,我是唯一一位深入了解世界文学和美国/世界历史的中国学生,课堂讨论和写作任务我都游刃有余;当学术不是挑战得时候,参与课外活动的时候我也更加自信了。”
MJ also interviewed me for a class about mentors in his life who have strongly influenced him. It’s a genuine honor for students to consider me in this way but the more important result is MJ’s continued success.
MJ曾经有一个采访任务,要求采访对象是对他一生影响最深的老师,MJ选择的采访对象是Neil老师。对于一位老师来说,Neil老师认为这是至高无上的荣耀。
We are all so proud of his achievements and look forward to working with him to prepare for university.
在培养MJ一路成长的路上,PA见证了他从一个羞涩、犹豫的中国小男孩成长成为一个自信、有影响力的世界公民。我们为他感到骄傲的同时,也陪伴他一直走向美国顶级大学。
2. One of our star high school students GZ, has been studying literature, American and world history, and writing. For literature, in only one year, GZ has read The Great Gatsby, The Alchemist, Animal Farm, 1984, Brave New World, White Fang, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet, The Winter’s Tale and a number of short stories with accompanied assignments, presentations and essays for every text.
2. PA天才学院的明星高中生GZ,一直在研究写作、文学、美国历史和世界历史。仅仅一年时间里,GZ读过的文学作品就有20多本英文名著、并且每部文学作品都完成了论文写作、公众演讲的任务要求。这些书有《伟大的盖茨比》、《炼金术士》、《动物农场》、《1984》、《美丽新世界》、《白牙》、《蝇王》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》、《冬天的故事》等等,除此之外还有大量文学短篇、诗歌、戏剧的内容。
Being exposed to and intensively studying these texts not only improves GZ’s ability to build and support strong arguments based on textual evidence but will also allow him to use reading skills across all subjects. I have seen GZ’s writing improve in many respects including his research, analytical arguments, syntax, structure and overall clarity.
通过深入研究这些文学作品,GZ大大的提高了对于文字的推理论证能力,他习得的阅读技能也打开了他阅读的广度和深度。我们看到GZ的写作的大踏步进步,包括他的研究、分析论证、语法、结构和整体清晰度。扎实的人文教育功底,也使得GZ的SAT拿到了1570,其中阅读770分,远远超过了滕校录取的分数标准;扎实的写作功底,也使得GZ的大学申请文书也在众多申请者中脱颖而出。GZ今年拿到了多个顶级大学的录取通知。
Our mentors have worked diligently to bolster GZ’s foundational skills to a level where he can transition to his top level university with confidence.
PA天才学院的导师在GZ的四年高中生涯里不断提升GZ的人文学科的功底,让他能够充满自信地拿到前1%的四年GPA成绩,并且成功过渡到顶级大学的高度。
We want to build relationships with our students and their families so that we establish a permanent support system through completion of their university studies. Students continually build on their liberal arts foundation to facilitate the next step in their education.
PA与学生及家长建立了长久信任关系,我们一直陪伴学生直到美国大学毕业。PA学生们不断得加深自己人文教育功底的同时,也加深了对自己的认识、对世界的认识、以及自己在世界中的贡献和影响力的程度。
One final point I would like to stress: we are not encouraging students to diminish their interest in Chinese culture, rather the opposite. We encourage students to remain interested in Chinese history, literature and culture while at the same time building skills that will serve them well in an American academic and social environment. But also skills that can be transferred to their understanding of Chinese culture as well.
Neil老师强调的最后一点是:我们不是鼓励学生降低学习中国文化的兴趣,相反,我们非常鼓励学生保持对中国历史、文学和文化的兴趣。与此同时,培养他们迅速适应美国学术和社会环境的生存技能,甚至还可以把这些技能转化为他们对中国文化的理解。
A well-rounded, worldly student goes on to be a strong, contributing member of society; one who finds solutions rather than creating problems. We aim to help students on their international journey to be respected members of society.
PA天才学院的目标是帮助学生在国际中成为受人尊重的一份子,一个全面发展的学生,一个对社会有贡献的世界公民。
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