AP生物 | 实验考点汇总

AP Biology Labs Big Idea: Evolution(进化)Investigation1:  Artificial Selection
（人工选择和自然选择及选择的类型）Evolution Lab- simulation showing how organisms evolve over time  in response to environmental conditions

Natural Selection- another simulation showing wolf and rabbit  populations

Sex and Single Guppy- simulation that examines sexual selection

Investigation2:  Mathematical Modeling
（哈迪－温伯格平衡－稳定种群的特征）Hardy Weinberg Presentation: Count individuals and use the HW equation to determine allele frequencies.

Investigation3: Comparing DNA Sequences to Understand Evolutionary Relationships with Blast
（进化的证据：DNA序列的对比）Constructing Cladogram-drawings are used toinfer relationships and create a cladogram.

Big Idea: Cellular Processes
（细胞的运动过程和能量变化过程） Investigation4:Diffusion and Osmosis
（扩散和渗透）Diffusion and Osmosis-a modified version of the lab, measure mass change in sucrose dialysis tubes and calculate water potential.

Diffusion Lab-very simple observation lab that shows the movement of iodine through a bag, using cornstarch as an indicator.

Investigation5: Photosynthesis
（光合作用）Photosynthesis simulation- change light intensity and wavelength and compare the amount of ATP produced.

Investigation6:Cellular respiration
（细胞呼吸作用）Cellular Respiration- modified AP lab, uses respirometers to measure oxygen consumption.

Big Idea: Genetics and Information Transfer
（细胞遗传物质的转移） Investigation7:Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis
（细胞分裂：有丝分裂和减数分裂）Modeling Chromosomal Inheritance -using beads and pipe cleaners to show how genes are passed from parents to offspring.

Investigation8: Biotechnology: Bacterial Transformation
（生物工程）Recombinant DNA Simulation - using paper to model how restriction enzymes can be used to modify DNA

Investigation9: Biotechnology: restriction Enzyme Analysis of DNADMD Electrophoresis Lab - uses electrophoresis to analyze DNA samples from a family to determine who are carries of duchenne muscular dystrophy

Big Idea: InteractionsInvestigation10:Energy Dynamics
（生物的能量流动）Build an Ecosystem - grown plants and snails in jars and record changes in levelsof CO2 by using BTB as an indicator.
Virtual Lab:Population Biology - observe the competitive exclusion principle in populations of paramecium.

Investigation11: Transpiration
（植物的蒸腾作用）AP Lab - Transpiration - using seedlings and plastic bags, measure the rate at which water is lost in different conditions.

Investigation12:Fruit Fly Behavior
（遗传－果蝇实验）Isopod Behavior Lab - uses ispods(rollypollys) to investigate animal behavior.

Investigation13:Enzyme Activity
（酶的催化作用）Enzyme Lab - Using liver and hydrogen peroxide, observe enzyme actions in a variety of conditions (temperature,acidity).