▶ Tariff is the indirect taxes on the prices of imported goods to discourage domestic demand.
▶ Subsidies is government grants paid to domestic producers to reduce their production costs, enabling them to sell their products at lower prices than overseas producers.
▶ Quota is a limit on the volume of an imported good allowed into a country.
▶ Embargo is a ban on the importation of a product or products from overseas.
▶ Unreasonable quality controls for imported products.
与之相反,贸易逆差则是指,各国家或地区在一定时期内的进口额大于出口额的现象。一般表明一国的对外贸易处于较为不利的地位。
▶ Trade deficit occurs when a country imports more than it exports.
▶ Budget deficit occurs when government spending exceeds revenue
▶ Budget surplus occurs when government spending exceeds revenue
▶ Primary sector: the extraction and production of natural resources (agriculture, fishing, and activities such as mining, and oil extraction.)
▶ Secondary sector: construction and manufacturing(food processing, textiles, clothing, iron and electronics.)
▶ Tertiary sector: personal and business services(Services and diverse activities as transportation, banking, retailing and information technology)
另一方面,过多的贸易壁垒会限制消费者的购买选择,减少了新的投资机会,也使得国内企业缺乏效率,更有可能遭到其他国家的报复。
▶ Dumping is a form of predatory pricing. It involves one country ‘flooding’ another with a product at a price significantly below its market price to force rival producers out of business.
对中国而言,2017年中国经济的复苏很大程度上与出口的改善有较大关系,中美贸易战可能影响中国出口增速下滑,影响经济总量。
家事国事天下事 事事关心
编辑|邓菊萍
公众号ID:SFLSIGCSE2011
© 2024. All Rights Reserved. 沪ICP备2023009024号-1