双语 | 留学申请的六条实用语法规则
6 Handy Grammar Rules
for Your College Application
You’ve worked hard to craft a fantastic essay for your college application. The result is a draft that is genuine, clear, and that shows the admissions committee who you really are. But before you send off your application, we recommend that you let someone you trust (and whose writing abilities you trust) take a look. Why? The more time you spend with a piece of your own writing, the less likely you are to spot errors.
为了申请大学，你辛辛苦苦写了一篇很不错的申请信，情感真实，思路清晰，也向申请委员会说明了你的个人情况。但在递交申请之前，我们建议你找一个信得过的人（并且你相信这个人的写作能力）帮你检查一下。为什么要这么做呢？这是因为你在自己的文章上花费的时间越长，你就越难发现里面的错误。
Colleges Do Notice Grammar Mistakes
语法错误肯定逃不过招生官的法眼
We know from working with colleges every year that when it comes to your college application, grammatical accuracy is key. In fact, admissions officers tell us that while grammar mistakes are distracting (and can even cast doubt on the amount of care you put into your essay’s composition), good grammar fades into the background letting your ideas and unique qualities shine through.
我们每年都在做大学申请这方面的工作，说到申请信，语法准确性最为关键。事实上，招生人员告诉我们，语法错误会分散人的注意力（甚至会让他们怀疑你没有在文章上花什么心思），而语法准确则会形成烘托，让你的观点和特质突显出来。
Before you submit your application make sure you proofread your essay from beginning to end, proofread it again, and then proofread it some more. Check out these six essential grammar rules to get started. Trust us: mastery of these grammatical pitfalls will help you succeed when you get to college, too!
提交申请之前，一定要保证把你的文章从头至尾校对一遍，再一遍，然后再多校对几遍。校对就从这六项重要的语法规则开始。相信我们，了解这些语法陷阱会助你成功申请大学。
CATEGORY
类型
WHAT'S THE RULE?
语法规则
BAD GRAMMAR
糟糕的语法
GOOD GRAMMAR
准确的语法
Misplaced Modifier
修饰词放错位置
A word or phrase that describes something should go right next to the thing it modifies
修饰某事物的词或短语应该紧跟在被修饰的事物之后。
Eaten in Mediterranean countries for centures, northern Europeans viewed the tomato with suspicion.
Eaten in Mediterranean countries for centuries, the tomato was viewed with suspicion by northern Europeans.
在地中海国家备收青睐的西红柿，却遭到了北欧人的质疑。
Pronouns
代词
A pronoun must refer unambiguously to a noun, and it must agree (singular or plural) with that noun.
一个代词指代一个名词，不能引起歧义，并且要同名词保持单复数的一致。
The golden retriever is one of the smartest breeds of dogs, but they would have trouble writing essays for college admission.
The golden retriever is one of the smartest breeds of dogs, but it would have trouble writing an essay for college admission.
金毛猎犬是最聪明的犬种之一，但它要想写大学申请书，还是有一定困难。
Subject/Verb Agreement
主谓一致
The subject must always agree with the verb. Make sure you don't forget what the subject of a sentence is, and don't use the subject of a preposition as the subject.
主语必须和谓语动词保持一致。不要忘了句子的主语是什么，不要把介词的主语当作句子的主语。
Each of the men involved in the extensive renovations were engineers.
Each of the men involved in the extensive renovations was an engineer.
参与大规模修复工程的都是工程师。
Parallel Construction
平行结构
Two or more ideas in a single sentence that are parallel need to be similar in grammatical form.
在一句话中，两个或两个以上的平行观点要在语法形式上保持一致。
To provide a child with the skills necessary for survival in modern life is like guaranteeing their success.
Providing children with the skills necesssary for survival in modern life is like guaranteeing their success.
让孩子掌握在现今社会的生存技能，就等于给他们锁定了成功。
Comparisons
比较
You can only compare like things.
你只能比较有相似之处的事物。
The rules of written English are more stringent than spoken English.
The rules of written English are more stringent than those of spoken English.
书面英语的规则比口头英语更严格。
Passive/Active Voice
被/主动语态
Choose the active voice, in which the subject performs the action.
如果句子的动作由主语发出，使用主动语态。
After months were spent trying to keep justdillpickles.com afloat single-handedly, resignation was chosen by me.
After I spent months trying to keep justdillpickles.com afloat single-handedly, I chose to resign.
我花了几个月让justdillpickles.com（某个网站）独立周转资金，然后选择了辞职。
英文来源：The Princeton Review
翻译：陈军芳
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