Integration by substitution is used when an integrand where reverse chain rule is either not obvious or is not spotted
in the latter case it is like a “back-up” method for reverse chain rule
How do I use integration by substitution?
Exam Tip
If a substitution is not given in a question, it is usually because it is obvious
If you can't see anything obvious, or you find that your choice of substitution doesn't reduce the integrand to something easy to integrate, consider that it may not be a substitution question
Worked Example
Integration by Parts
What is integration by parts?
What is the formula for integration by parts?
How do I use integration by parts?
In trickier problems other rules of differentiation and integration may be needed
chain, product or quotient rule
reverse chain rule, substitution
Can integration by parts be used when there is only a single function?
Exam Tip
Worked Example
Repeated Integration by Parts
When will I have to repeat integration by parts?
How do I apply integration by parts more than once?
What if neither function never becomes simpler when differentiating?