备考 | AP生物实验考点汇总

Big Idea: Evolution(进化)

Investigation1: Artificial Selection

（人工选择和自然选择及选择的类型）

Evolution Lab- simulation showing how organisms evolve over time in response to environmental conditions

Natural Selection- another simulation showing wolf and rabbit populations

Sex and Single Guppy- simulation that examines sexual selection

Investigation2: Mathematical Modeling

（哈迪－温伯格平衡－稳定种群的特征）

Hardy Weinberg Presentation: Count individuals and use the HW equation to determine allele frequencies.

Investigation3: Comparing DNA Sequences to Understand Evolutionary Relationships with Blast

（进化的证据：DNA序列的对比）

Constructing Cladogram-drawings are used toinfer relationships and create a cladogram.

Big Idea: Cellular Processes

（细胞的运动过程和能量变化过程）

Investigation4:Diffusion and Osmosis

（扩散和渗透）

Diffusion and Osmosis-a modified version of the lab, measure mass change in sucrose dialysis tubes and calculate water potential.

Diffusion Lab-very simple observation lab that shows the movement of iodine through a bag, using cornstarch as an indicator.

Investigation5: Photosynthesis

（光合作用）

Photosynthesis simulation- change light intensity and wavelength and compare the amount of ATP produced.

Investigation6:Cellular respiration

（细胞呼吸作用）

Cellular Respiration- modified AP lab, uses respirometers to measure oxygen consumption.

Big Idea: Genetics and Information Transfer

（细胞遗传物质的转移）

Investigation7:Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis

（细胞分裂：有丝分裂和减数分裂）

Modeling Chromosomal Inheritance -using beads and pipe cleaners to show how genes are passed from parents to offspring.

Investigation8: Biotechnology: Bacterial Transformation

（生物工程）

Recombinant DNA Simulation - using paper to model how restriction enzymes can be used to modify DNA

Investigation9: Biotechnology: restriction Enzyme Analysis of DNA

DMD Electrophoresis Lab - uses electrophoresis to analyze DNA samples from a family to determine who are carries of duchenne muscular dystrophy

Big Idea: Interactions

Investigation10:Energy Dynamics

（生物的能量流动）

Build an Ecosystem - grown plants and snails in jars and record changes in levelsof CO2 by using BTB as an indicator.

Virtual Lab:Population Biology - observe the competitive exclusion principle in populations of paramecium.

Investigation11: Transpiration

（植物的蒸腾作用）

AP Lab - Transpiration - using seedlings and plastic bags, measure the rate at which water is lost in different conditions.

Investigation12:Fruit Fly Behavior

（遗传－果蝇实验）

Isopod Behavior Lab - uses ispods(rollypollys) to investigate animal behavior.

Investigation13:Enzyme Activity

（酶的催化作用）

Enzyme Lab - Using liver and hydrogen peroxide, observe enzyme actions in a variety of conditions (temperature,acidity).