2022AAPT物理摄影展评（AAPT Photo Contest）全国优秀作品赏析！

美国物理摄影展评
一张照片，一段说明，展现独特的物理现象和原理。

2022年美国物理摄影展评 (AAPT Photo Contest)已落幕，经过组委会专家评审老师们的评选，共有50张作品获得全国优秀作品并入围全球，将进行全球自然类/设计类前三名的争夺，预祝同学们拔得头筹。

此次AAPT物理摄影展评，同学们的作品表现力不俗，获得了组委会老师们的一致好评。让我们一起来看一看这些优秀的作品吧！

作品展示不分先后顺序

AAPT 美国物理摄影展评
AAPT PHOTO CONTEST

AAPT物理摄影展评由美国物理教师协会 AAPT 主办，由选手拍摄一张生活中或者特意设计的可以巧妙反应深刻物理现象、物理原理的照片，然后配上 250 字左右（英文）的物理解释说明。

该活动可以激发学生学习的兴趣，还可以让同学们感受到大自然和生活中物理的美。虽然该活动准备起来好像很容易，但获奖绝对不容易，需要非常巧妙的物理构思和解释。

奖项设置

全球奖项

• 全球自然类照片：前三名
• 全球设计类照片：前三名

中国区奖项

• 全国优秀作品：前 50 名
（注：所有参与选手都将获得参与证书，获奖选手会获得对应奖项的证书。证书将在全球奖项公布后统一发放，请同学们耐心等待证书下载开放通知）

2022年全国优秀作品展示

-01-

Author: JONATHAN XUFENG HU
School: Shanghai High School International Division
Type: Contrived
Title: Rainbow Flames on Soap Bubble
Description: This picture shows a soap bubble film under the light. The bubble film reflects a variety of different colors, forming a unique and beautiful rainbow pattern. This has resulted from a phenomenon known as thin-film interference. The soap bubble is a thin 3-layered film: the top and bottom are two layers of soap, and a layer of water is sandwiched between them. The thickness of this film is similar to the wavelengths of visible light. When light hits the soap bubble, the light that reflects from the top and bottom layers of soap interferes with each other. When the thickness of the bubble is just right, the two reflected lights constructively interfere to be brighter for some colors (in-phase), while reflected lights of other colors (out of phase) destructively interfere to be dimmer. This results in you seeing different colors on the bubble depending on the thickness of the bubble. In this photo, because of gravity, the thickness of the soap bubble increases towards the bottom, varying the colors reflected, producing a rainbow pattern. In addition, the photo shows that the color bands are more compact towards the lower end of the bubble. This is because gravity causes a constant acceleration on the film, leading to the rate of change of the film thickness increasing down the film. When taking the picture, viewing the bubble from different angles also changes the color seen, because of a phenomenon known as iridescence caused by the interference of light waves.

-02-

Author: SHENG YAN
School: Suzhou International Academy
Type: Contrived
Title: Temporary Vibration
Description: This photo literally symbolizes what the true Generation-Z looks like in China. The skateboard represent the youth and the fire is the enthusiasm and vigor so it shows the Gen-Z now is keen on trying the risks.

The physical appearance in this photo has included vibration and condensation.

First, the vibration. I used the alcohol as the fuel on the top of the skateboard and lighted it up. At first the fire is really tiny. Then I let my model to do a trick which is called Ollie.  Suddenly the fire started to burn up, and the fire totally swallowed the skateboard. The reason is the burned and unburned alcohol both spread everywhere and then they collide with each other, bursted more sparks. At that moment I shot the photo.

Next, it’s temporary. The alcohol is literally volatile so this kind of scene will just disappear in second. When the time goes by, all the alcohol may sublimate and there is no fire left.

Barely the Gen-Z in China can cultivate their favorites if their parents don’t let themselves choose or decide majors or hobbies. Loads of the Chinese skateboarders rebelled with teachers and family because the adults, keeping the orthodox, always think it is risky and dangerous. However, the spirit of us is to conquer the risks.

This is the reason way it is called Temporary Vibration.

-03-

Author: ZIHAN CHEN
School: Suzhou High School of Jiangsu Province
Type: Contrived
Title: Incredible diffusion of paint
Description: To take this picture, I prepared a 50-liter tank and filled it with water. I also have blue and orange paints. Use two small needles to suck up enough paint and quickly squeeze both into the water at the same time. After only one or two minute, the paint and water begin to blend. The physical phenomenon demonstrated in this experiment is diffusion. Diffusion is when different substances come into contact with each other and move into each other. In experiments, different colors of pigments enter water and mix with each other. The cause of this phenomenon is the constant exchange of liquids caused by the irregular movement of molecules. The initial experiment was done under room temperature. We did several more experiments and found that the higher the water temperature, the faster the pigment spread.

-04-

Author: SHIYU CUI
School: Camford Royal School
Type: Contrived
Title: The Fantastic Karmen Vortex Street
Description: In fluid dynamics, a Kármán vortex street is a recurring pattern of whirling vortices created by vortex shedding, which is responsible for the unstable separation of flow around blunt things. It is named for the engineer and fluid dynamicist Theodore von Kármán and is responsible for phenomena such as the "singing" of suspended telephone or power wires and the vibration of an automobile antenna at certain speeds.

In the diagram, the ink is dropped into the water and the Kamen vortex can be seen to form by sliding the ink with a wooden stick. The ink is split into two streams by the stick, as the two streams are not perfectly symmetrical from side to side at any time. Because the higher the velocity of the fluid, the lower the pressure, so there must be a high pressure in one stream and a low pressure in the other. This causes the higher pressure stream to move towards the lower pressure stream until the pressure equilibrates. Therefore the vortex causes detachment and movement from the high pressure area to the low pressure area, the vortex also expands and diverges. As it continues, resulting in the Karmen vortex phenomenon, which form two asymmetrical streams continue to flow in a vortex alternatively. Due to the limited size of the bowl, the flow receives interference from the edges and the Karmen vortex effect is not very pronounced.

-05-

Author: SHUYU PAN
School: Maple Glory United School
Type: Contrived
Title: Fall fog
Description: In this experiment, I use a glass cup and a high concentration of alcohol shows the Rayleigh-Benard convection. In 1906, French scholar Bernard indicated that only when the temperature rises enough does the heated parts rise and the surrounding fall.

The ignited high concentration of alcohol in the cup turns the base of the cup into a high-temperature surface. when the ice ball is put on the glass cup, it acts as a cold surface and also isolates the burning alcohol with the oxygen outside the cup. The fog made by the melting ice ball shows the Rayleigh-Benard convection in the flow field created by the ice ball and glass cup.

-06-

Author: LEYU ZHANG
School: Shanghai World Foreign Language Academy
Type: Contrived
Title: The Green Mirror Tunnel
Description: This image of mirror in mirror, taken by placing two mirrors opposite each other, disproves commonplace assertions that mirror is silvery or translucent, or it displays colors of things placed right in front of it. In this photo of the “mirror tunnel”, we are able to see a dark green at the end of the infinite reflections of mirrors. This counterintuitive phenomenon can be explained by the principles of how colors of light are reflected. Firstly, different wavelengths for different lights represent corresponding colors in the visible spectrum. Secondly, when the lights hit on an object, the object tends to absorb some light rays with certain wavelengths and reflect the others. The combined color of reflected rays becomes the color of the object in our eyes. Since aluminum, silicon, and sodium are key materials that make up the reflective layer on the mirror, the physical property of the mixture of these elements causes the mirror to absorb less green lights with wavelengths between 490nm and 530nm. Furthermore, the infinite reflection of mirrors reinforced the effect by increasing reflection times. As other colors of lights are increasingly absorbed by the number of reflections, green light that has the lowest absorption is retained and observed in the infinite tunnel.

-07-

Author: JUNFEI WANG
School: The Affiliated International School of Shenzhen University
Type: Contrived
Title: WORMHOLE
Description: The light that passes through the glass will be refracted in some way. This is the most basic physical phenomenon that exists. No one can believe this is the phenomena of a "wormhole" through glass, which is so wonderful and beautiful that it appears to be a time tunnel connecting the past and the future.

-08-

Author: ZHENAI HAO
School: International Department of Hefei 168 High School
Type: Contrived
Title: Mushroom Cloud-shaped Water Column
Description: The name of my photography is Mushroom cloud-shaped water column. I first prepared some colorful balloons, then filled them with water, lifted them about 1.6 meters off the ground by hand, and quicky cut the lifting part of the balloon with scissors. So I found that when the balloon was cut, the water pressure was greater than atmospheric pressure, so the water was sprayed out, while the balloon was fslling and the water flow was "elongated". The water column entering the air is not constrained by the container wall, and the cross section becomes larger and forms an umbrella.

-09-

Author: LINCHEN ZHANG
School: Hefei 168 High School
Type: Contrived
Title: Let it fall
Description: As the marble falls, its gravitational potential energy is reduced and converted to its kinetic energy. In the impact, according to the conservation of momentum, the impact caused the impulse change of the static flour, just like an explosion model, the scattered flour just like blooming flowers, running around, but behind the beautiful phenomenon is a thought-provoking safety problem. This kind of collision can be compared to car collision, which reminds people to pay attention to automobile traffic safety. The use of seat belts and airbags is necessary and needs to be paid attention to. Similarly, I only dropped from a height of 10 centimeters. The problem of high altitude projectile also needs people's attention. The energy accumulated by a small object falling from a high place is not to be underestimated. For this shoot, I shot in slow motion, and I learned a lot from just one second of reflection.

-10-

Author: ZEYU ZENG
School: Beijing 101 Middle School
Type: Contrived
Title: Blance bird
Description: The photo above shows a toy called “balance bird”, which can stay in most places stable without falling by its beak. In simple terms, its principle is the centre of mass which also is the equivalent point of action of gravity on a unit material, is right below the “beak”. From the point of view of analytical mechanics, we can calculate the centre of mass by using mc*rc=∑mi*ri, which means the sum of the product of the mass and the coordinates of each point divided by the total mass. The, according to the Center of mass motion theorem, the motion of the center of mass of a system of particles is the same as that of a particle at the center of mass. The mass of the system is equal to the total mass of the system, and the force on the system is equal to all the external forces acting on the system moving parallel to that point, we can know that the gravity on every unit of the mass on the “balance bird” is equal to a force on center mass that direction is down and its magnitude is the sum of those gravity on tiny unit. Because the force is on center of mass its torque is zero, so, it can’t make the toy tipped over and there is a opposite force acting at the same point so that the toy’s net force is 0.

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