名师解读最新版托福OG系列①‖听力高分段提升策略

托福官方指南

托福官方指南（The Official Guide to the TOEFL），简称“托福OG”，于2018年初发行了最新版本，即第5版。爱朗托福团队第一时间购得此书，带来最新解读，分享给大家，帮助考生最大化了解托福，最快速提升分数。托福OG里详细讲解了各科目的题目类型，考点要求以及能力提升方法。

托福OG，把考生的听力分数分为三个区间：低分档（0分-14分），中分档（15分-21分），高分档（22分-30分）。今天，爱朗托福项目负责人，同时也是托福听力名师——田学森老师，给大家分析一下听力22分的托福考生如何在短期内提高分数。

Level: 22

Test takers who receive a score at the HIGH level, as you did, typically understand conversations and lectures in English that present a wide range of listening demands. These demands can include difficult vocabulary (uncommon terms, or colloquial or figurative language), complex grammatical structures, abstract or complex ideas and/or making sense of unexpected or seemingly contradictory information.

YOUR PERFORMANCE

When listening to lectures and conversations like these, test takers at the HIGH level typically can:

• Understand main ideas and important details, whether they are stated or implied;
• Distinguish more important ideas from less important ones;
• Understand how information is being used (for example, to provide evidence for a claim or describe a step in a complex process);
• Recognize how pieces of information are connected (for example, in a cause-and-effect relationship);
• Understand many different ways that speakers use language for purposes other than to give information (for example, to emphasize a point, express agreement or disagreement, or convey intentions indirectly);
• Synthesize information, even when it is not presented in sequence, and make correct inferences on the basis of that information.

ADVICE FOR IMPROVEMENT

Further develop your listening ability with daily practice in listening in English and by challenging yourself with increasingly lengthy listening selections and more complex listening material.

Listen to different kinds of materials on a variety of topics:

• Focus on topics that are new to you.
• Listen to academic lectures and public talks.
• Listen to audio and video material on TV, radio and the Internet.
• Listen to programs with academic content, such as NOVA, BBC and NPR broadcasts.
• Listen to conversations, phone calls and phone recordings.
• Take live and audio-recorded tours (e.g., of museums).

Listen actively:

• Take notes as you listen for main ideas and important details.
• Make predictions about what you will hear next.
• Summarize.
• Write down new words and expressions.

For the more difficult material you have chosen to listen to, listen several times:

• First listen for the main ideas and key details;
• Then listen again to fill in gaps in your understanding; to understand the connections between ideas, the structure of the talk and the speakers’ attitude; and to distinguish fact from opinion.

考生表现

22分数段的考生可以基本理解含有较难词汇，复杂语法结构，抽象或复杂概念和矛盾性信息的对话和讲座。听此类素材时，该分数段考生的表现是：

• 可以理解主要观点和重要信息，无论这些信息是明示还是暗示；
• 可以区分主次信息；
• 可以理解信息的用法（比如，作为观点的论证或描述一个复杂的过程）；
• 可以识别信息是如何连接的（比如，通过因果逻辑关系连接信息）；
• 可以理解讲话者表达目的（不是单纯给出信息）的各种方式（比如，突出观点，表达认可/反对，或间接传达意图）；
• 可以整合信息（哪怕原文信息顺序混乱），可以基于原文正确推理。

OG建议

进一步提升听力能力，22分数段的考生需要每天听英语，而且要不断提高素材的长度和难度。

• 首先要听各种话题的听力材料：
• 听陌生的话题素材；
• 听学术讲座和公众演说；
• 听（看）电视、广播和网络上的英语录音或视频；
• 听学术类节目比如：NOVA，BBC，NRB等广播节目；
• 听各种对话和电话录音；
• 亲自参观或者听录制好的参观性质的音频（比如参观博物馆等）。
• 其次，积极主动地听录音：
• 听录音并记录主要观点和重要细节；
• 多预测接下来可能会讲什么；
• 做总结；
• 记录新单词。
• 此外，对于有一定难度的听力材料，需要多听几遍：
• 先听出主要观点和核心细节
• 然后再听录音，不断地完善听到的内容；听懂信息之间的关系，听力素材的结构和讲话者的态度；同时需要区分事实和观点。

田老师点评

托福听力在22分的考生，会面临着很大的提分压力，要做到一心多用，比如，听录音时，需要同步理解句子，还要预测下文，分析信息关系，理解讲话者态度，听懂暗示的信息，还要做笔记。说白了，考生需要把自己训练成一个强大的信息处理器：一堆毫无章法的信息，经过大脑的加工处理，简化成几条井然有序的信息。

对于22分数的考生，我给出的最好建议是：不要盲目刷题，一定要保持头脑清醒，要清楚地分析出自己的问题，如果自己无法分析，就寻求有经验的老师的帮助，虚心学习训练方法，刻意运用这些方法并达到自然使用的境界，辅以大量练习，一定会取得理想分数。