修辞表达是ACT阅读文章中一个重要的特点,也是很多文章考察的重点,对于比较简单的比喻,大部分同学还是没有问题的。但是,只要遇到稍微复杂一点的修辞性的语言,很多同学就会觉得束手无策,花很长时间纠结,导致耽误了其他的做题时间。
备考ACT阅读,你不可不知道的考点技巧!那么,今天我们就给大家讲一下在ACT阅读中经常出现的几种修辞表达,让大家以后遇到这样的表达可以从容应对。
1. Simile 明喻&类比Analogy
明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比,这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性。
它的目的有两个:1)使描写更形象具体;2)比较两个事物的相似性。
标志词常用:like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as 等。
(1) I wandered lonely as a stay dog.(突出我和流浪狗一样孤独)
(2) Einstein likes to put a cloak on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. (突出爱因斯坦像童话里一样,有个美好的形象)
(3) So compared with any ordinary beam of light, the laser beam is a very orderly affair indeed. It is like a military march-everyone in step. In an ordinary beam, the waves are like the people in a crowd going to a football match, jostling and bumping into one another.(突出激光像军队一样整洁,普通光像足球场的人般混乱)
(4) He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen for him to crow.(突出他像一个自我以为是的公鸡)
Analogy类比,我们可以看成是一种高阶的比喻,它指的是是两个不同事物之间在多种抽象品质方面的共性。有时候会有just as...so作为标志词,有时候没有特别明显的标志词。
(1)Just as French people enjoy their wine, so the British enjoy their beer.(体现了法国人对于红酒的热爱和英国人对于啤酒的热爱)
在ACT阅读中,有时候有原文是由明确的明瑜现象出现,这些地方通常情况下也是会出题的地方,比如,题目经常会考到具体把谁比作谁,或者这个比喻是想突出被比喻者什么样的特点或者情感。一般同学们遇到明喻理解起来不会很难。但是,有时候,原文中出现了类比时,通常同学们理解起来就会有些吃力,从而题目做得不是很好。
2. Parallelism 平行 &Antithesis 反衬
平行是指在特定的语境中,将相同的结构,相同意义词或者语气一致的几个词,词组或者句子排列成串,形成一个整体。使语言有力流畅,达到强调突出的目的。
(1) We will never parley; we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang.
(2) That is our policy and that is our declaration.
(3) They vanish from a world where they were of no consequence, where they achieved nothing, where they were a mistake and a failure and a foolishness.
在平行句式里,如果把结构对称但是意义对立的两个词甚至多个词并列在一起,就形成新的修辞格,即反衬。反衬一般会形成强烈的对比。
(1) They vanish from a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever.
(2) The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below.
(3) The coward does it with a kiss, the brave man with a sword.
在ACT阅读中,平行结构和反衬都会考到。
备考复习,我有真题,真题在手,考试不愁
ACT真题资料包,可以按照需要扫码免费领取!
© 2024. All Rights Reserved. 沪ICP备2023009024号-1