澳大利亚科学竞赛历年真题开放中！

澳大利亚科学学术活动（Big Science Competition, BSC）由澳大利亚科学创新学会（Australian Science Innovation, ASI）主办。澳大利亚科学学术活动历年真题开放中！

学术活动时间：2022年5月21日，下午14：00-14：50（50分钟）

An agricultural company tested growing plants in greenhouses that are 20 metres below the sea surface.The plants grow successfully in the underwater greenhouses.

6.What can be inferred from this?

A.The nutrients in sand on the sea floor are the same as on land.

B.It does not matter that there is much less light underwater compared to on land.

C.Chlorophyll absorbs different frequencies of light than water.

D.Chlorophyll will effectively function with all frequencies of light reaching the sea floor

7.The greenhouses could be placed near the surface of the water.What benefit would there be in placing the greenhouses 20 metres below the sea surface rather than near the surface itself?

A.The temperature would be higher.

B.There would be more light available.

C.The plants could be more easily harvested.

D.There would be fewer disturbances from local weather.

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Recent research has suggested that the type of food you eat whilst you are ill can affect your chances of surviving the illness.Scientists infected two groups of laboratory mice with two different agents of disease and then fedthem both only glucose. All of the mice infected with flu(influenza) survived. All of the mice with a bacterial infection died.

8.What is the most likely explanation for this difference in survival for the two sets of mice?

【A】Some mice are immune to the effects of the flu.

【B】 The immune systems of the mice reacted differently to the different diseases.

【C】Bacterial infections always kill animals, regardless of the type of treatment given.

【D】The mice with the bacterial infection starved to death, as all their food was glucose.

9.When people become ill with the flu they often lose much of their appetite.A traditional food to have at this time is tea sweetened with honey.Why would the results of the mice experiment suggest that this could help with their recovery?

【A】Honey is a natural substance.

【B】Flu is caused by a bacteria which the hot tea will help to kill.

【C】The honey is a source of glucose and the flu is caused by a virus.

【D】The tea helps replace any fluids they have lost through sweating.

Magnetic shields are being built around spacecraft. These shields protect astronauts and equipment from the harmful effects of radiation.A magnetic field around a spacecraft will deflect radiation away.

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7.On the spacecraft, which of these is most important to protect from damage by radiation?

A. The lenses of digital cameras.

B. The memory storage of computers.

C. The LED emergency lighting system.

D. The loud speakers of communication equipment.

8.Exposure to high energy radiation increases the risk of cancer in people. Cancer can occur when parts of a cell are damaged by radiation.Damage to which part of the cell increases the risk of developing cancer?

A. the nucleus

B. the cytoplasm

C. the mitochondria

D. the cell membrane

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