2014英特尔ISEF获奖作品摘要化学 Intel Finalist Abstract Chemistry

Category: STEM国际竞赛, 国际竞赛 Date: 2019年9月20日下午12:55

获奖作品基本信息

年份	2014
学科	化学 Chemistry
国家/州	United States of America

获奖作品名称

Stoichiometric Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for Simple and Cost-Effective Laser Material Fabrication: A Case Study of Polycrystalline Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Ceramics

获奖作品摘要

The fabrication of laser grade ceramics must be improved to achieve better reproducibility of high quality yields, requiring a control of the bulk stoichiometry beyond that of current analytical techniques. This work evaluated Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) for measuring the aluminum to yttrium ratio in Y3Al5O12 (YAG) laser ceramics. The student developed a novel plasma code using Matlab software to model LIBS plasmas, and utilizing this model, elucidated the effects of variation in plasma temperature (T), electron density (Ne), and sample composition on the chemical composition of the plasma. A theoretical optimization of experimental parameters was then achieved for the first time via a Monte Carlo approach (T=1eV, Ne=10^23 m^-3). Further experimentation at these optimized parameters are expected to produce plasmas that are both robust to experimental fluctuation and highly sensitive to sample stoichiometry, approaching the 0.1mol% threshold for ceramic YAG fabrication. This study (1) advances LIBS for improving YAG fabrication for the $2.2 billion solid-state laser industry (2) validates the general notion that optical emission spectroscopy (OES) can be used to improve the production processes of advanced materials and (3) presents dramatic cost savings potential in the optimization of experimental OES protocols and promises foreseeable benefits to analytical chemistry and materials science at large.

ISEF 简介

英特尔国际科学与工程大奖赛，简称 "ISEF"，由美国 Society for Science and the Public（科学和公共服务协会）主办，英特尔公司冠名赞助，是全球规模最大、等级最高的中学生的科研科创赛事。ISEF 的学术活动学科包括了所有数学、自然科学、工程的全部领域和部分社会科学。ISEF 素有全球青少年科学学术活动的“世界杯”之美誉，旨在鼓励学生团队协作，开拓创新，长期专一深入地研究自己感兴趣的课题。

学科简介：化学 Chemistry

Studies exploring the science of the composition, structure, properties, and reactions of matter not involving biochemical systems.

Subcategories:

Analytical Chemistry (ANC): The study of the separation, identification, and quantification of the chemical components of materials.

Computational Chemistry (COM): A study that applies the discipline and techniques of computer science and mathematics to solve large and complex problems in Chemistry.

Environmental Chemistry (ENV): The study of chemical species in the natural environment, including the effects of human activities, such as the design of products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances.

Inorganic Chemistry (INO): The study of the properties and reactions of inorganic and organometallic compounds.

Materials Chemistry (MAT): The chemical study of the design, synthesis and properties of substances, including condensed phases (solids, liquids, polymers) and interfaces, with a useful or potentially useful function, such as catalysis or solar energy.

Organic Chemistry (ORG): The study of carbon-containing compounds, including hydrocarbons and their derivatives.

Physical Chemistry (PHC): The study of the fundamental physical basis of chemical systems and processes, including chemical kinetics, chemical thermodynamics, electrochemistry, photochemistry, spectroscopy, statistical mechanics and astro-chemistry.

Other (OTH): Studies that cannot be assigned to one of the above subcategories. If the project involves multiple subcategories, the principal subcategory should be chosen instead of Other.