2014英特尔ISEF获奖作品摘要 植物科学 Intel Finalist Abstract Plant Sciences

获奖作品基本信息

年份	2014
学科	植物科学 Plant Sciences
国家/州	United States of America

获奖作品名称

A Computational Model of Tree Growth to Maximize Carbon Sequestration

获奖作品摘要

Global warming and increased CO2 emissions are becoming a large problem for the world. Tree plantations sequester carbon at up to 30 times the rate of old growth forests, and are a common way of reducing carbon footprints. We have created a computational model of tree growth that can determine optimal conditions for the planting of trees and significantly increase the effectiveness and viability of these plantations. In our model, leaves on the tree generate biomass for growth using photosynthesis. This biomass is used for, in order, root growth, leaf replacement, growth in width proportional to stress, and growing new branches and leaves. Stresses are computed based on forces due to gravity and wind. Branching is proportional to light availability at the branching site. Where possible, biological parameters are taken from naturally observed values and previous research. Extensive recursive algorithms and a voxel grid (3D index of space) are used to achieve efficient simulation and 3D visualization. We validate the model by confirming that generated trees exhibit allometric rules observed in nature, regarding leaf mass, stem mass, height, trunk diameter, and total mass. When exposed to varying light or wind conditions, statistical analysis confirms that the model successfully predicts characteristics of growth including phototropism and anemotropism. To our knowledge, our model is the first to exhibit these emergent properties without explicitly programming them into the model. We demonstrate one potential application of the model by determining the optimal tree spacing to maximize carbon uptake and timber production in a plantation.

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高中生科研 英特尔 Intel ISEF
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高中生科研学术活动 英特尔 Intel ISEF 简介

英特尔国际科学与工程大奖赛，简称 "ISEF"，由美国 Society for Science and the Public（科学和公共服务协会）主办，英特尔公司冠名赞助，是全球规模最大、等级最高的中学生的科研科创赛事。ISEF 的学术活动学科包括了所有数学、自然科学、工程的全部领域和部分社会科学。ISEF 素有全球青少年科学学术活动的“世界杯”之美誉，旨在鼓励学生团队协作，开拓创新，长期专一深入地研究自己感兴趣的课题。

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英特尔 ISEF 学术活动详细介绍

英特尔 ISEF 全程指导方案

· 数学 · 物理 · 化学 · 生物 · 计算机 · 工程 ·

学科简介：植物科学 Plant Sciences

Studies of plants and how they live, including structure, physiology, development, and classification. Includes plant cultivation, development, ecology, genetics and plant breeding, pathology, physiology, systematics and evolution.

Subcategories:

Agriculture and Agronomy (AGR): Application of the various soil and plant sciences to soil management and agricultural and horticultural crop production. Includes biological and chemical controls of pests, hydroponics, fertilizers and supplements.

Ecology (ECO): The study of interactions and relationships among plants, and plants and animals, with their environment.

Genetics and Breeding (GEN): The study of organismic and population genetics of plants. The application of plant genetics and biotechnology to crop improvement. This includes genetically modified crops.

Growth and Development (DEV): The study of a plant from earliest stages through germination and into later life. This includes cellular and molecular aspects of development and environmental effects, natural or manmade, on development and growth.

Pathology (PAT): The study of plant disease states, and their causes, processes, and consequences. This includes effects of parasites or disease-causing microbes.

Plant Physiology (PHY): The study of functions in plants and plant cells. This includes cellular mechanisms such as photosynthesis and transpiration, and how plant processes are affected by environmental factors or natural variations.

Systematics and Evolution (SYS): The study of classification of organisms and their evolutionary relationships. This includes morphological, biochemical, genetic, and modeled systems.

Other (OTH): Studies that cannot be assigned to one of the above subcategories. If the project involves multiple subcategories, the principal subcategory should be chosen instead of Other.