2019英特尔ISEF学科最佳作品摘要：细胞与分子生物学 | Best of Category Abstract: CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
获奖作品基本信息
| 年份 | 2019 |
| 学科 | 细胞与分子生物学 CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY |
| 国家/州 | CA，United States of America |
获奖作品名称
Modeling Neurodegeneration in vitro: A Dynamic Study of Tau in a Microfluidic Chamber System via Quantum Dot Labeling
获奖作品摘要
Current research suggests that toxic tau aggregates propagate from neuron to neuron in a prion-like manner. However, no dynamic proof exists to trace tau’s transmission and traffic in neurodegeneration. To dynamically image tau’s propagation, an in vitro system must be created by 1. constructing biologically functional quantum dot (Qdot) conjugated tau filaments (wild type (WT) and P301L mutation causing tauopathy) and 2. performing the propagation and transport experiments in vitro with a specially designed microfluidic chamber system. I developed a protocol to synthesize tau proteins that could be uptaken by neurons and could conjugate to the Qdot tags for visualization. A staining study was conducted for the biotinylated tau’s uptake in neurons with Texas Red-Streptavidin. Not only were WT and P301L tau filaments both uptaken, but P301L tau induced aggregation of native tau inside the neuron, suggesting my system accurately reflected tau’s clinical behavior. Finally, a live neuronal transport of tau filaments with Qdot-Streptavidin was conducted in the microfluidic chamber which serves as a unique transport environment by isolating neuron axons from soma. This setup allows for clear imaging of tau proteins propagating retrogradely from axon to soma: the first time tau’s transport in primary neuron culture has been virtually observed. I successfully developed this system to model neurodegeneration and propose that tau filaments (both WT and P301L) were uptaken and traffic from terminal to soma in neurons. My in vitro system may service as a platform for detailed mechanism studies and for drug screening tests to further understand and potentially find cures for tauopathies such as Alzheimer’s Disease.
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ISEF 简介
英特尔国际科学与工程大奖赛，简称 "ISEF"，由美国 Society for Science and the Public（科学和公共服务协会）主办，英特尔公司冠名赞助，是全球规模最大、等级最高的中学生的科研科创赛事。ISEF 的学术活动学科包括了所有数学、自然科学、工程的全部领域和部分社会科学。ISEF 素有全球青少年科学学术活动的“世界杯”之美誉，旨在鼓励学生团队协作，开拓创新，长期专一深入地研究自己感兴趣的课题。
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· 数学 · 物理 · 化学 · 生物 · 计算机 · 工程 ·
学科简介：细胞与分子生物学 CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
This is an interdisciplinary field that studies the structure, function, intracellular pathways, and formation of cells. Studies involve understanding life and cellular processes specifically at the molecular level.
Subcategories:
Cell Physiology (PHY): The study of the cell cycle, cell function, and interactions between cells or between cells and their environment. In general, projects could address physiology of membrane transport, neuron transmission, muscle contraction, the digestion of food, circulation of blood, contraction of muscles, or movement and production of nutrients in plant cells.In general, projects could address physiology of membrane transport, neuron transmission, muscle contraction, the digestion of food, circulation of blood, contraction of muscles, or movement and production of nutrients in plant cells.
Cellular Immunology (IMM): The study of the structure and function of the immune system at the cellular level. This includes investigations of innate and acquired (adaptive) immunity, the cellular communication pathways involved in immunity, cellular recognition and interactions between antigens and antibodies.
Genetics (GEN): The study of molecular genetics focusing on the structure and function of genes at a molecular level.genes, genetic variation, and heredity in living cells. These projects explore the consequences of genome variation on human cell biology, and thus gene function in health and disease. Furthermore, projects may study the impact of naturally-occurring and engineered genome mutations in human iPS cells, their differentiated derivatives, and other cell types.
Molecular Biology (MOL): The study of biology at the molecular level. Chiefly concerns itself with understanding the interactions between the various systems of a cell, including the interrelationships of DNA, RNA and protein synthesis and learning how these interactions are regulated, such as during transcription and translation, the significance of introns and exons or coding issues.
Neurobiology (NEU): The study of the structure and function of the nervous system at the cellular or molecular level. This area focuses on the study of cells of the nervous system and the organization of these cells into functional circuits that process information and mediate behavior. Some neurobiology focuses on the molecular structures of the brain and nervous system. Larger complete systems, like the function and structure of the cerebral cortex, may be studied. Projects can look at biological factors that impact learning or mood, or how early genetic material develops into various areas of the brain.
OTH Other (OTH): Studies that cannot be assigned to one of the above subcategories. If the project involves multiple subcategories, the principal subcategory should be chosen instead of Other.
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