2018 英特尔 ISEF 学科最佳作品摘要：地球与环境科学 Best of Category Abstract: Earth and Environmental Sciences
获奖作品基本信息
| 年份 | 2018 |
| 学科 | 地球与环境科学 EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES |
| 学校 | Campolindo High School |
| 国家/州 | CA, United States of America |
获奖作品名称
Stop the Flame in Its Infancy! Multivariable Early-Warning System for Low-Cost Prevention of Wildfire Proliferation
获奖作品摘要
Every year, devastating wildfires cause substantial environmental and economic damage all around the world. In most cases, firefighters are unable to identify wildfires until the flames grow into uncontrollable blazes. A novel, low-cost system that uses multiple fire characteristics corrected for environmental variables was developed to detect wildfires at their earliest stage, allowing firefighters to combat flames before they grow into deadly infernos.
The present system consists of a dispersed network of devices that wirelessly communicate to provide comprehensive, real-time monitoring of the area. To evade false positives, multiple stages of verification are employed, using a variety of characteristics during detection (long-wave infrared thermal imaging, near infrared narrow-band imaging, smoke signature, and others). Last verification is performed by a dedicated artificial intelligence method. The most probable false positives were proved to not set off fire warnings due to the system’s multivariable verification algorithm. Spectral analysis was performed on various emission sources to identify unique spectral features used in the flame identification. Meteorological factors such as wind patterns, temperature and humidity variation, are compensated by an algorithm that compares real-time readings to a calibrated baseline.
The novel, affordable method of early wildfire detection provided by this unique system will allow firefighters to contain early wildfires. Furthermore, the present system can be used in conjunction with the existing NASA satellite network. Thus, the distributed system can save billions of dollars in fire damage and prevent future wildfire-related fatalities, all at a fraction of the cost of existing wildfire detection methods.
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ISEF 简介
英特尔国际科学与工程大奖赛，简称 "ISEF"，由美国 Society for Science and the Public（科学和公共服务协会）主办，英特尔公司冠名赞助，是全球规模最大、等级最高的中学生的科研科创赛事。ISEF 的学术活动学科包括了所有数学、自然科学、工程的全部领域和部分社会科学。ISEF 素有全球青少年科学学术活动的“世界杯”之美誉，旨在鼓励学生团队协作，开拓创新，长期专一深入地研究自己感兴趣的课题。
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· 数学 · 物理 · 化学 · 生物 · 计算机 · 工程 ·
学科简介：地球与环境科学
Category: EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Studies of the environment and its effect on organisms/systems, including investigations of biological processes such as growth and life span, as well as studies of Earth systems and their evolution.
Subcategories:
Atmospheric Science (AIR): The study of the Earth's atmosphere, its processes, the effects other systems have on the atmosphere, and the effects of the atmosphere on these other systems as well as meteorological investigations. Further investigation in this field relates to atmospheric chemistry, atmospheric physics, atmospheric changes (both long and short-term) that define average climates and their change over time, and upper layers of the atmosphere, where dissociation and ionization are important.
Climate Science (CLI): Studies of Earth’s climate, particularly evidential study of climate change over a period of time. This field studies long-term trends in average meteorological conditions and changes in these averaged conditions from season to season, year to year, decade to decade.
Environmental Effects on Ecosystems (ECS): Studies of the impact of environmental changes (natural or as a result of human interaction) on ecosystems, including empirical pollution studies.
Geosciences (GES): Studies of Earth’s land processes, including mineralogy, plate tectonics, volcanism, and sedimentology.
Water Science (WAT): Studies of Earth’s water systems, including water resources, movement, distribution, and water quality. This field includes the occurrence, movement, abundance, distribution, and quality of subsurface waters and related geologic aspects of surface waters. Furthermore, it projects may also address water from the moment of precipitation until it evaporates into the atmosphere or is discharged into the ocean; for example, river systems and the impacts of flooding.
Other (OTH): Studies that cannot be assigned to one of the above subcategories. If the project involves multiple subcategories, the principal subcategory should be chosen instead of Other.
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