哈佛、斯坦福、MIT等TOP50美国大学如何审核国际生申请材料

留学低龄化后，美高的中国学生和大陆高中生在申请美国大学时，总会面对“身份”问题：美国大学对国际生的定义是什么？美高学生还算国际生吗？美高和国内申请者是一起竞争吗？
……在CA的国籍分类里，把学生的归属分为了美国公民、美国公民（双国籍）、美国永居（绿卡持有者）、难民庇护人员、其他人员，没有绿卡或者美国护照的美高学生都只能选择其他人员这一栏，这是一个相对模糊的国际生定义。

1.非美国公民或者绿卡持有者都算国际生

非美国公民或者绿卡持有者，都是国际生，除非有难民、庇护这些特殊情况存在。这是大部分学校对于国际生的定义，比如斯坦福、埃默里、JHU等。▲斯坦福官网截图：没有美国公民身份及永久居留权（绿卡）的学生会被定义为国际生▲埃默里大学官网截图：如果不是美国公民或永久居民，你就被视为国际生。国际生包括持有FI、F2、J1、J2或G系列签证的学生，以及其他符合条件的非公民类别的学生，如人道主义假释、古巴-海地入境人员、难民身份等▲约翰霍普金斯大学官网截图：即便是在美国上高中，只要你没有公民身份/绿卡，你也还是国际生
还有包括达特茅斯学院，西北大学，布朗大学，莱斯大学，圣母大学，圣路易斯华盛顿大学，加州系大学（UCB，UCLA，UCSD，UCSB，UCD，UCI），卡耐基梅陇大学，维克森林大学，布兰迪斯大学，罗切斯特大学，波士顿大学，凯斯西储大学等62所学校都是持这种态度。
这些学校都将美高学生按照国际生划分，但是学校审理过程中，也会有部分学校结合高中地理位置划分片区的规则，相当于会在“国际生+地区”两个纬度下进行筛选比较，具体参考以下所列的第二种标准。

2.采取“国际生+美高”双重纬度审核

很多排名靠前的学校都会采取“国际生+地区”这种双重纬度来审核申请，考虑到美高学生集中于加州、纽约州等几个留学生密集区域，很难讲这部分地区的美高学生会比国内的高中生有优势，倒是留学生相对稀少地区的优秀学生容易在这种划分标准下出彩。 比如芝加哥大学，对于美高的中国公民来说，虽然审阅申请的时候会把你放在美高的“池子”里来评估，并且遵循和美国公民一样的申请流程，但是如果你申请了助学金，我们还是会考虑到你不是美国公民的身份的（言下之意，如果你申请了助学金，还是有可能损伤到你的录取几率的哦）。

✔1. Princeton UniversityWe evaluate all students within the context of their school setting. When we read your application, we will read it along with any other students from your school who have applied. This allows for us to have a better understanding of each school context. You will be asked to self-report your citizenship on the Common Application, which will not affect how your application is read.
✔2. Columbia U
Columbia’s admissions application process is largely the same for all students regardless of their citizenship or country of residence. But If you are applying for financial aid, different financial aid applications are required for international students.
✔3. Duke University
We read applications by where a student attends high school. However below is some information that will be helpful as you will also be considered an international student.
WHY IS MY APPLICATION CONSIDERED INTERNATIONAL?
We categorize all applications from students attending schools outside the United States as international, even those from students who are US citizens.
We categorize all applications from students who are not US citizens or US Lawful Permanent Residents as international, even those from students who are attending schools in the US.
✔4. Cornell University
If you are not a US citizen or hold a green card, you are considered an international student. The application and requirements are the same for all students. We read applications based on where you currently attend school, rather than by your citizenship status. Your application will be read with others from the school you attend and those from the same state (U.S.) or country.
✔5. College of William & Mary
It is great to hear of your interest in William & Mary! All Chinese citizens attending high school in the United States are considered international students, but will be read in the context of their United States high school. I hope this helps. If you have any additional questions, please don’t hesitate to ask.
✔6. Vanderbilt University
So it's not like we have two piles of applications, domestic and international. Because of this, my answer may seem a bit confusing, so please feel free to ask questions if it doesn't make sense. Your file will be evaluated by the admission counselor responsible for the area of the high school you will graduate from. So let's say you do four years of high school at the Lawrenceville School in NJ and plan to graduate from there [example], I would be the one evaluating your application since I have all schools in NJ. However, lets say, you attend Lawrenceville for three years, and go to Shanghai World Foreign Language School to graduate, Julie Chapman would evaluate you application since that is one of her schools. In both situations the context of your school environment(s) will be taken into consideration.
✔7. New York University
While you would be considered an international student, we review applications by high schools, so your application would be reviewed in the context of the school you currently attend

3.美高学生在申请中不算国际生

还是有少部分学校将美高学生当作本土学生来处理，如果按照这个原则，中国学生的直接竞争者就是在读高中区域的所有学生，包括美国学生和其他外籍学生，名单如下。✔1. YaleSince applications are read by region, international versus domestic status is determined by where you went to secondary school, rather than by residency or citizenship status.
✔2. Georgia Tech
Applications are read within the context from which you are applying. For example, if you are from Panama but living in Illinois, your application will be read with those from Illinois. Likewise, if you are from Illinois but living in France, your application will be read with those from France.
✔3. USC (分in-state和out-of-state)
An applicant is considered a bona fide California resident – for admissions purposes – if he or she has attended a California high school for at least three years and graduated from a California high school or if the applicant's parent or legal guardian is a permanent resident of California (if the applicant is under 18).
✔4. Northeastern University
If you are currently attending high school in the US, you will be recognized as a domestic student. Please note that we will still consider your Chinese citizenship.
✔5. Southern Methodist University
SMU defines an International Student as any student who graduates high school abroad.

4.不将国际生单独划分审理的学校

有两所学校的态度是不关心申请者的国籍，分别是哈佛大学和乔治城大学，那么美高学生的划分问题也意义不大了。
哈佛表示：因为所有的申请人都需要遵循一样的申请流程且都有资格申请我们的助学资金，所以我们不需要区别这些申请人。无论你是来自美高的外国公民还是在其他国家上高中的美国公民，我们都一视同仁。同时也表示不会针对国籍和高中所在地而对申请人设置“限额”（quotas），并再次强调是否申请助学金不会影响申请人的录取几率。 ▲哈佛官网截图：不区分国际生与非国际生的原因▲乔治城大学官网截图：国际生和美国公民遵循一样的申请流程美国大学对于国际生的身份问题，不外乎是考虑到学生学校的课程衔接、推荐信、成绩单真实性、录取历史等方面的内容，关于美高学生归属划分的问题，大部分的答案是国际生都属于一个池子，但是从学校的态度看，确实还是出现了上述四种不同划分办法。