十大承上启下的逻辑连接词

因果关系

显性因：because、becauseof、for、as、since、in that、onaccount of、with

显性果：so、so that、therefore、thereby、as a result、hence、thus、consequently、accordingly

隐性因果：

1.导致(因-果)：cause、reason、lead to、give rise to、result in、render、make、let、ask、push、stimulate、fuel、produce

2.由…而来(果-因)：result from、derive from、originate from、initiate from、stem from、be attributable to

3.反映，体现(果-因)：reflect、present、demonstrate、suggest、imply

4.考虑到：given、considering、inview of、thanks to、accordingto

5.依赖于：relyon、depend on、resortto

6.条件关系：when、once、as soon as、aslong as

转折关系

but, however, yet；although, though, even though, even if, even,nevertheless, despite, in spite of; regardless of; anyway, anyhow; unfortunately,surprisingly，reckless of

举例关系

for example； for instance； in this case； namely； as you know；like；such as； a case in point is...； in particular；including...； put it simply；stated roughly；as an illustration；a good example would be...；to detail this, I would like to...； It is interesting to note that...；as proof；take the case of；take…as example；as for；as regards；according to；on this occasion

条件关系

if,only if, if only, unless, lest, otherwise, as soon as, as long as, in case,suppose that, supposing that, provided that, providing that, when, whenever,with;if it is the case, in this sense, once..., if possible；if necessary；if so；if not all；if anything

比较关系

相同点：

similarly； in like manner, in comparison with；when compared with；compared with；when in fact...；like...； likewise；similarly  important；apart from(doing)...； ...rather than...，by doing so ；both…and...； in the same way；not only...but (also)

不同点：

yet；still； for all of that； not with standing；rather； neither ... nor；although；though； but； however； something is just the other way around（另一种方式）；yet；conversely；unlike； opposed to； as opposed to ； in contrast； by way of；on the contrary；different from this；nevertheless； contrary to；whereas； while

否定关系

1.显性否定：no、not、never、nor、none neither

2.隐形否定：fail to、refuse、remove、mi、reject、lack of

3.否定前缀：a-、ab-、dis-、il-、im-、in-、non-、un-

4.双重否定：not fail to、not illegal、no tuncommon、not unavailable

并列关系

and, also, or, neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also, as well as, same…as; then, besides, additionally, in addition,further more, moreover, what is more; one theory…another；on one hand……on the other hand, for one thing…for another, one…another, some…others…still others; 分号；列举等。

先后关系

at this time；first； second； at last； next；previously；simultaneously；eventually；last but not least；to begin with；to start with；to end with；finally；since then；first of all；afterwards;  following this； preceding this；prior to this

强调关系

in fact；especially；particularly；moreover；naturally； what is particular；not to mention...；believe it or not；undeniably；it is certain／sure that...；by  definition；definitely； undoubtedly；without a doubt； in truth；in any event； without reservation；obviously；not only.

时间关系

at once；immediately； at length； in the meantime； meanwhile；  at the same time；in the end； then；soon； not long after； later； at once；  at last；finally； some time ago； at present； all of a sudden；from this time on； from time to time；since then； when；whenever；next point； a few minutes later；formerly； as； once；since；occasionally； in a moment；shortly；where upon；previously.