英国皇家会计师备考知识点

Stakeholders are individuals or groups who are affected by the activities of the firm. A stakeholder group is one with a vested interest in the company.

--Definition

01 Internal

1. Company employeesObviously, many trade unionists would like to see their members as the residual beneficiaries of any surplus the company creates. Certainly, there is no measurement problem : returns = wages or salaries.

2. Company managers/directors

Such senior employees are in an ideal position to follow their own aims at the expense of other stakeholders. Their goals will be both long term

(defending against takeovers, sales maximization) and short term (profit margins leading to increased bonuses).

02 Connected

1. Equity investors (ordinary shareholders)Within any economic system, the equity investors provide the risk finance. There is a very strong argument for maximizing the wealthof equity investors.

2. Customers

3. Suppliers

Suppliers to the organization will have short term goals such as prompt payment terms alongside long term requirements including contracts and regular business. The importance of the needs of suppliers will depend upon both their relative size and the number of suppliers.

4. Finance providers (debt holders/bankers)

Providers of finance (banks, loan creditors) will primarily be interested in the ability of the organization to repay the finance including interest. As a result it will be the organization’s ability to generate cash both long and short term that will be the basis of interest to these providers.

5. Competitors

03 External

1. The governmentGovernment policies will often be related to macroeconomic objectives, such as sustained economic growth and high levels of employment.

2. The community at large

3. Regulators