AP化学课程要求学生在掌握基本的化学知识、化学原理和实验操作的基础(全部高中化学课程)上,学习大学一年级的化学内容。它要求学生在化学方面能够清晰地进行思考,具有逻辑性表达本课程的口头和书面能力,并特别强调化学计算、化学方程式和实验室动手能力。以下是AP化学考纲内容:
AP化学大纲六大考点:
1.化学元素是构成物质的基本材料,也可理解为是原子的排列组合
Big Idea 1: The chemical elements are the building blocks of matter, which can be understood in terms of the arrangements of atoms.
2.一切材料的化学性质和物理性质都可以通过原子、离子、分子的排列组合及互相之间的作用力来解释
Big Idea 2: Chemical and physical properties of materials can be explained by the structure and the arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules and the forces between them.
3.物质的变化包含了原子的重新排列与重组,以及电子的转移
Big Idea 3: Changes in matter involve the rearrangement and/or reorganization of atoms and/or the transfer of electrons.
4.化学反应的速度取决于分子碰撞的细节
Big Idea 4: Rates of chemical reactions are determined by details of the molecular collisions.
5.热力学定律描述了能量的重要角色,同时还可以解释和预测物质变化的方向
Big Idea 5: The laws of thermodynamics describe the essential role of energy and explain and predict the direction of changes in matter.
6.任何连接或吸引力都可以被形成或被打破,这两种过程时刻处于竞争之中,对初始情况和外部作用力或变化都很敏感
Big Idea 6: Bonds or attractions that can be formed can be broken. These two processes are in constant competition, sensitive to initial conditions and external forces or changes.
其中,第1,3两个板块相对简单和基础,这两部分内容多以选择题的形式出现。第2部分记忆偏多,但难度不大。后面三个部分涉及较多计算,难度较前几章要大,选择题和问答题都有可能。
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