大家知道,SAT写作部分的满分是888,其评价是从阅读、分析、写作三个维度展开的。单项评价的满分之所以是8分,是因为有两个阅卷官会在0~4的范围内单独给整分。两位阅卷官给出的最高分相加也就是8分。
今天,我们来聊聊如何阅读单项分值快速破7。如果一个考生的阅读分数要达到7,就意味着其中有位阅卷官给的阅读单项是4,也就是满分,而另一位阅卷官给出的分数是3,离满分一步之遥。
既然明确了方向,我们就先来看看阅读维度满分的相关表述:
Demonstrates thorough comprehension of the source text.
Shows an understanding of the text’s central idea(s) and of most important details and how they interrelate, demonstrating a comprehensive understanding of the text.
Is free of errors of fact or interpretation with regard to the text.
Makes skillful use of textual evidence (quotations, paraphrases, or both), demonstrating a complete understanding of the source text.——《SAT官方指南》
表现出对资料文本的透彻理解。
1.展现出来对文章中心思想、重要细节以其相关性的理解,以此透露对文本的整体性把握。
2.对文本的事实或阐释不存在任何错误。
3.能够娴熟的运用文本证据(引用,转述,或兼而有之),因此表明对文章通达的理解。
上述信息可以理解为:
1.对重要细节,如证据,修辞和体例(Rhetorical devices & Stylistic elements)手法,一定要说明它们与中心思想之间的关联。
2.能很好地做到对文本证据节选和运用(如使用直接引用和同义转述)。
3.在文章信息的呈现和解释上没有讹误。
根据上述内容,我们可以构建一个有关阅读信息呈现的模型:
第一步,指明阅读材料中使用了什么样的重要细节,诸如(contrast, concession and rebuttal,exemplification, statistics, appeal to authority,allusion, sarcasm, analogy, personal anecdote, rhetorical question, emotional appeal, word choice);
第二步,用直接引用或同义转述准确呈现相关信息;
第三步,也是最关键的一步,就是把这些细节和中心思想(也就是文章后面框框里作者的中心思想)的关联呈现出来。
接下来,我们以2018.3.10AS的写作为例,将上述模型的运用做一个说明。这篇阅读文章标题的是“Looting Egypt’s heritage”,中心思想是,there should be more to be done to protect ancient Egyptian artifacts.范文如下:
Secondly, in paragraph four and five, Ibrahim adopted contrast between the examples he illustrated(第一步,指明重要细节,对比&例子), whereby he could accentuate the severity of the crisis faced by artifacts(同义转述中心思想). He first provided a successful precedent in stopping antiquity theft, in which “several items” were saved from being illegally auctioned at Christie’s(第二步a,同义转述,夹杂直接引用,描述证据信息). Closely accompanying this hopeful instance is the last of “126 antiquties” in Jerusalem because of noncompliance of the auction houses towards regulations from the Egyptian ministry(第二步b,同义转述,夹杂直接引用,描述证据信息). …… In this way, by drawing a contrast between two separate examples, Ibrahim exemplified how severely were antiquity thefts “seldom addressed” and how cooperation in solving this problem could only be remarked as “mixed at least”, which suggests more efforts should be evoked against artifact looting by indicating to them the extent to which the problem had worsened(第三步,指明重要细节和中心思想之间的关联).
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