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托福词汇题

Category: 托福雅思, 留学考试 Date: 2019年2月10日上午9:44

【initiate】

The verb is pronounced /ɪ'nɪʃieɪt/. The noun is pronounced /ɪ'nɪʃiət/. 动词读作 /ɪ'nɪʃieɪt/。名词读作 /ɪ'nɪʃiət/。

1.VERB 动词开始;创始;发起 If you initiate something, you start it or cause it to happen.

【语法信息】：V n

· They wanted to initiate a discussion on economics...

他们想启动一次经济学讨论。

· The trip was initiated by the manager of the community centre.

这次旅行由社区活动中心的经理发起。

2.VERB 动词使初步了解;向…传授基本技巧(或基础知识) If you initiate someone into something, you introduce them to a particular skill or type of knowledge and teach them about it.

【语法信息】：V n into n

【语法信息】：Also V n

· He initiated her into the study of other cultures.

他将她领进了研究其他文化的大门。

【abrupt】

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词突然的，意外的（常指令人不快的改变或行为） An abrupt change or action is very sudden, often in a way which is unpleasant.

· Rosie's idyllic world came to an abrupt end when her parents' marriage broke up...

父母婚姻的破裂使得罗茜田园诗般美好的世界陡然画上了句号。

· The recession brought an abrupt halt to this happiness...

经济衰退让这幸福戛然而止。

· His abrupt departure is bound to raise questions.

他的拂袖而去必然会招来很多疑问。

abruptly

· He stopped abruptly and looked my way.

他突然停下，朝我看过来。

【lucrative】

ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词获利多的；赚大钱的 A lucrative activity, job, or business deal is very profitable.

· Thousands of ex-army officers have found lucrative jobs in private security firms.

数以千计的退伍军官在私营保安公司找到了收入不菲的工作。

【consistent】

ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词(行为、态度等)一贯的，一致的，始终如一的 Someone who is consistent always behaves in the same way, has the same attitudes towards people or things, or achieves the same of success in something.

· Becker has never been the most consistent of players anyway.

不管怎么说，贝克尔从来就不是表现最为稳定的球员。

· ...his consistent support of free trade.

他对自由贸易始终如一的支持

consistently

· It's something I have consistently denied...

那是我自始至终否认的事。

· Jones and Armstrong maintain a consistently high standard.

琼斯和阿姆斯特朗始终保持着高水准。

【continuous】

ADJ 形容词连续不断的;持续的;不中断的 A continuous process or event continues for a period of time without stopping.

【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n

· Residents report that they heard continuous gunfire.

居民们报告说他们听到了连续不断的枪声。

· ...all employees who had a record of five years' continuous employment with the firm...

所有在公司连续任职达5年的员工

· There is a continuous stream of phone calls.

电话接连不断。

continuously

· The civil war has raged almost continuously since 1976...

自从1976年开始，内战几乎没有中断过。

· It is the oldest continuously inhabited city in America.

这是美国最古老的一直有人居住的城市。

【vicinity】

.N-SING 单数名词邻近地区;附近 If something is in the vicinity（ the area near a particular place） of a particular place, it is near it.

【搭配模式】：the N

【语域标签】：FORMAL 正式

· There were a hundred or so hotels in the vicinity of the railway station...

在火车站附近大约有100家旅馆。

· The police roadblocks are still in place and the immediate vicinity of the house remains cordoned off.

警察设置的路障还在，房子四周仍然用警戒线隔离着。

【surplus】

1.N-VAR 可变名词过剩;剩余;过剩量;剩余额 If there is a surplus of something, there is more than is needed.

· Germany suffers from a surplus of teachers.

德国遭遇了教师过剩的问题。

2.ADJ 形容词过剩的;剩余的;多余的 Surplus is used to describe something that is extra or that is more than is needed.

【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n

· Few people have large sums of surplus cash...

几乎没人手头很富裕。

· I sell my surplus birds to a local pet shop...

我把多余的鸟卖给当地的宠物商店。

· The houses are being sold because they are surplus to requirements.

这些因超出需求而闲置着的房子正在出售。

【unprecedented】

ADJ 形容词前所未有的；空前的；没有先例的 If something is unprecedented, it has never happened before.

· Such a move is rare, but not unprecedented...

这种做法很罕见，但也不是没有先例的。

· In 1987 the Socialists took the unprecedented step of appointing a civilian to command the force.

1987年，社会党人史无前例地任命了一位非军队出身的人来指挥军队。

【confirm】

VERB 动词证实，证明(情况属实) If something confirms what you believe, suspect, or fear, it shows that it is definitely true.

【语法信息】：V that

【语法信息】：V n

【搭配模式】：no cont

· X-rays have confirmed that he has not broken any bones...

X光片证实他没有骨折。

· These new statistics confirm our worst fears about the depth of the recession...

这些新的统计数据证实经济衰退已经严重到我们最为担忧的境地。

· This confirms what I suspected all along.

这证实了我一直以来的怀疑。

confirmation

· They took her resignation from Bendix as confirmation of their suspicions.

他们认为她从本迪克斯公司辞职证实了他们的怀疑。

【vigorous】

1.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词

（体育活动）剧烈的，强度大的，强劲的 Vigorous physical activities involve using a lot of energy, usually to do short and repeated actions.

· Very vigorous exercise can increase the risk of heart attacks...

运动太过剧烈会增大心脏病发作的风险。

· African dance is vigorous, but full of subtlety.

非洲舞蹈强劲奔放，但又处处透着细腻。

vigorously

· He shook his head vigorously...

他用力地摇头。

· She shivered and rubbed her arms vigorously.

她颤抖着，使劲地搓着自己的胳膊。

2.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词

活跃的;积极的;热烈的 A vigorous person does things with great energy and enthusiasm. A vigorous campaign or activity is done with great energy and enthusiasm.

【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n

· Sir Robert was a strong and vigorous politician.

罗伯特爵士是位坚定而又活跃的政治家。

· ...the most vigorous critics of the government...

言辞最为激烈的政府批评家们

· They will take vigorous action to recover the debts.

他们将积极讨回债款。

· ...a vigorous campaign against GM food.

一场抵制转基因食品的声势浩大的运动

vigorously

· The police vigorously denied that excessive force had been used.

警方坚决否认曾经滥用武力。

3.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词精力旺盛的;充满活力的 A vigorous person is strong and healthy and full of energy.

· He was a vigorous, handsome young man.

他是个精力充沛、年轻帅气的小伙子。

【adverse】

.ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词

不利的;有害的 Adverse decisions, conditions, or effects are unfavourable to you.

【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n

· The police said Mr Hadfield's decision would have no adverse effect on the progress of the investigation...

警方称哈德菲尔德先生的决定将不会对调查的进展造成不利影响。

· Despite the adverse conditions, the road was finished in just eight months.

尽管存在种种不利情况，公路还是仅用8个月就完工了。

adversely

· Price changes must not adversely affect the living standards of the people.

物价变化一定不能给人们的生活水准带来负面影响。

【continuous】

ADJ 形容词

连续不断的;持续的;不中断的 A continuous process or event continues for a period of time without stopping.

【搭配模式】：usu ADJ n

· Residents report that they heard continuous gunfire.

居民们报告说他们听到了连续不断的枪声。

· ...all employees who had a record of five years' continuous employment with the firm...

所有在公司连续任职达5年的员工

· There is a continuous stream of phone calls.

电话接连不断。

continuously

· The civil war has raged almost continuously since 1976...

自从1976年开始，内战几乎没有中断过。

· It is the oldest continuously inhabited city in America.

这是美国最古老的一直有人居住的城市。

【gradual】

ADJ-GRADED 能被表示程度的副词或介词词组修饰的形容词

逐渐的；逐步的 A gradual change or process occurs in small stages over a long period of time, rather than suddenly.

· Losing weight is a slow, gradual process...

减肥是一个缓慢而渐进的过程。

· You can expect her progress at school to be gradual rather than brilliant.

你可以指望她在学习上循序渐进，但别指望她突飞猛进。

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