【英语翻译】翻译笔记之从政府工作报告中学翻译

我的翻译笔记之从政府工作报告中学翻译

第十二届全国人民代表大会第一次会议（指前面的大会，赘余，英文删去不已）以来的五年，是我国发展进程中极不平凡的五年。（去掉旁支，保留主干：“五年很不平凡”，其它的都是修饰成分。）面对极其错综复杂的国内外形势，以习近平同志为核心的党中央团结带领（双动词结构，注意是否要删去其中一个）全国各族人民砥砺前行，//(断句)统筹（与后面的“总体”重复了，只译其一）推进“五位一体”总体（integrated）布局，协调(与“全面”重复)推进“四个全面”战略布局（英文不译范畴词），（主干是我们前进）改革开放和社会主义现代化建设全面（不是全面地而是全面的all fronts of）开创新局面(进步advances)。党的十九大（以党做主语，而不是十九大）确立了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的历史地位，制定了决胜全面建成小康社会、夺取新时代中国特色社会主义伟大胜利的宏伟蓝图和行动纲领，//具有重大现实意义和深远历史意义。各地区各部门不断（副词未必有必要译）增强政治意识、大局意识、核心意识、看齐意识，//深入贯彻落实(双动词,意思一样取其一)新发展理念(无主语句子,宾语做主语)，“十二五”规划圆满完成，“十三五”规划顺利实施，经济社会发展取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革。解析：英文的思维方式与汉语不同。对照上下文，请仔细琢磨我接下来所说的话：中文思维是环境背景（理论）——做法（具体行为）——目的（想要得到的结果）；英文思维是目的——做法——背景。中文句子太长，分段，用句号隔开。

The five years since the first session of the 12th National People’s Congress (NPC) have been（现在完成时，一般来讲时间做主语，时态都为完成时） a truly remarkable five years in the course of our country’s development. Facing an extremely complex environment both at home and abroad, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, has rallied（团结）and led the Chinese people of all ethnic groups to forge ahead（砥砺前行）. We have moved forward with the Five-Sphere Integrated Plan* （五位一体）and the Four-pronged Comprehensive Strategy**, and （目的是）made new advances on（一个on把中文前后的成分颠倒了） all fronts of reform, opening-up, and socialist modernization. (注: The “Five-sphere Integrated Plan” is a plan to promote coordinated economic, political, cultural, of comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance law-based governance, and strengthen Party self-governance.)

At its 19th National Congress, the Party established the position in history of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and mapped out an inspiring （形容词没有完全对应着译，要考虑到英文习惯搭配，意思大概符合“宏伟的”就好）blueprint and a program of action for （介词指出逻辑）securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and for striving for the success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era. This is of great immediate(现实) significance and far-reaching historical significance. All regions and all government departments have strengthened their consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment. The new development philosophy(宾语做主语) has been （主动变被动）thoroughly（深入） acted upon, the 12th Five-Year Plan has been fully completed, and implementation(动词变名词) of the 13th Five-Year Plan has seen smooth progress.(顺利实施) In economic and social development we (无主语句子添主语)have made historic achievements and seen historic change.

五年来，经济实力跃上新台阶。国内生产总值从54万亿元增加到82.7万亿元，年均增长7.1%，占世界经济比重（share）从11.4%提高到15%左右，对世界经济增长贡献率超过30%。财政收入从11.7万亿元增加到17.3万亿元。居民消费价格年均上涨1.9%，保持较低（增长的）水平。城镇新增就业6600万人以上，13亿多人口的大国实现了比较充分就业。

Over the past five years, economic strength(实力) has reached a new high. China’s gross domestic product (GDP) has risen from 54 trillion to 82.7 trillion yuan, registering(显示数字) average annual growth of 7.1 percent; and its share in the global economy has grown to roughly 15 percent, up from 11.4 percent. China’s contribution(说到贡献就是褒义的，即对增长的贡献，而不是下降的贡献) to global growth has exceeded 30 percent. Government revenue（财政收入） has increased from 11.7 trillion to 17.3 trillion yuan. Consumer prices（居民消费价格） rose at an average annual rate of 1.9 percent, maintaining a relatively low level of growth. More than 66 million new urban jobs have been added, and our country, with its population of over 1.3 billion, has achieved（实现） relatively full employment.（就业）

五年来，经济结构出现重大变革。消费贡献率由54.9%提高到58.8%，服务业比重从45.3%上升到51.6%，成为经济增长主动力（结果ving）。高技术制造业（实现）年均增长11.7%。粮食生产能力达到1.2万亿斤。城镇化（抽象名词urbanization）率从52.6%提高到58.5%，8000多万农业转移（到城镇）人口成为城镇居民（怎么成为城镇居民）。

注意 数字的翻译也很重要。

Over the past five years, the structure of the Chinese economy has seen a major(出现重大) transformation. With the share of the service sector（服务业占的消费的比重） rising from 45.3 to 51.6 percent of the economy, consumption’s contribution to growth has increased from 54.9 to 58.8 percent, becoming（成为） the main driver of growth. High-tech manufacturing has achieved an average annual increase of 11.7 percent, and the annual grain yield（粮食生产） has reached 600 million metric tons（1公吨=2000斤）. China’s urbanization rate has risen from 52.6 to 58.5 percent, and more than 80 million people who have relocated（搬迁）from rural to urban areas have gained permanent urban residency.